Rational Configuration Of Ecological Tourism Resources In Heilongjiang Province

This paper combines intension and characteristics of the ecological tourism resources, uses synthetically the basic theories in such disciplines as economics, resources studying, ecology, geography, views studying, ethics, environmental science,etc., pays attention to combination between quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, theory analysis and practice studying, the static behavior analysis and dynamic analysis, and according to the procedure of making investigations, comparative analysis, quantitative analysis, building models, comprehensive appraisal, proposing the countermeasures, indepthly makes systematic research to ecological tourism resources configuration. It proposes the ecological tourism resources configuration evaluation standards and furtherly applys to the rational configuration of ecological tourism resources of Heilongjiang Province, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of rational configuration and utilization Nowadays, contradiction formed by economic development, resources utilization and environmental protection has already become the great challenge that countries all over the world face together. The ecological tourism is taken as the combination of mankind progress, economic growth, resources and environmental sustainable utilization, which production and development are due to such a great deal of backgrounds as environmental protection, economic development,and mankind progress, etc.. The rational resources configuration is an eternal theme of the resources economics research. Resources configuration can generally be divided into two levels. The higher level means how to assign resources in different departments, different areas, and different production units; and its rationality lies in how to dispose every resource on most suitable uses effectively. The lower level means in set terms of resource allocation, how one production unit, one area, or one department organize and utilize resources, and its rationality lies in how to utilize the resources efficiently, and play a possible and big role! The ecological tourism resources are unity of natural resources and environmental resources, and economic resources also. The natural resources involve utilizing and protecting, with clear value intension; Economic resources involve efficiency configuration and income, meaning the realization of resources value market. The scientic and rational ecological tourism resources configuration is the inevitable demand for resources environmental sustainable utilization, on the other hand the inevitable demand of scientific development views of economic development, environmental protection, and social progress. Realize sustainable configuration of ecological tourism resources is an important component of implementing the scientific development view ecological tourism resources configuration evaluation is the method and system to analyse, estimate and evaluate the economic benefits, environmental impact, ecology influence, and social influence brought by ecological tourism construction projects implementation and ecological tourism resources development and planning; and establish the maximum comprehensive benefits model, put forward countermeasures and measures to prevent or lighten bad environmental impact, ecology influence; and followingly monitor ecological tourism resources configuration. ecological tourism resources configuration evaluation is not merely prerequisite and guidance oft ecological tourism resources configuration, tourism activities development, but also the strong tool for following monitoring in the process or even after the end of ecological tourism development projects. In view of the special nature of environmental resources, economic resources, and ecological attributes of the harmony between man and nature of ecological tourist resources, ecological tourism resources configuration evaluation can be made from such three aspects, namely the environmental, economic and ecological ethics evaluations of configuration. This paper carries on overall, systematic investigation and analysis on the ecological tourism resources, tourism position and market of Heilongjiang Province; by quantitative analysis calculates out the bearing amounts of ecological scenic spots tourism of Heilongjiang Province. It points out that Heilongjiang Province should establish market demand orientation for the tourism industry development, by the supports of resourcs advantage, insists on the principles of intensive operation, moving forward wholly, excessive development, protecting the environment,and increases dynamics, accelerates development, and strives to stride into the rank of strong provinces of tourisml as the goal of the important tourism destination of the North China. According to principles of "overall planning, reasonable configuration, highlighted characteristic, holding the emphasis, developing in echelons ", accelerate the development of tourism resources . Relying on the key cities, main roads, key scenic spots and border ports, the development pattern is that the ice and snow, forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agriculture, etc. ecological tourism as the leading products, and the frontier tourism, the North urban conditions and customs, scene and culture of ethnic minority ecological tourism as other variety of products develop togerther. It analyses the question existing in the ecological tourism resources configuration of Heilongjiang Province, puts forward the strongly pertinent and effective countermeasures and suggestions of property rights clearification, development by levels, and guarantee system development of ecological tourism resources, etc., and has designed five representative ecological tourism routes, among them, including Northeastrebeling and united army site and ice and snow tourism route, which combines red and white tourism resources. This paper has carried on case analysis on Zhalong nature reserve and Wudalianchi Lake world geological park. Analysis points out that existing problems in endowment and configuration of the ecological tourism resources in the Zhalong nature reserve. By the environmental impact evaluation model of ecological tourism resources, carry on the comprehensive evaluation of environmental impact on the current situation of ecological tourism environmental quality in Zhalong nature reserve and ecological tourism development. Propose ecological resources protective development countermeasure in Zhalong nature reserve including: (1)Positive compensate , restore the primitive ecological function of wetland. (2)Perfect the legislation, guarantee the effective implementation of the protective measures of the ecological environment. (3)Advocate the ecological tourism, implement win-win strategy of ecological benefits and economic benefits. (4)Pay attention to scientific research, offer scientific basis for protecting the wetland ecosystem. (5)Manage in unison, utilize wetland resources rationally on the basis of protection. Analysis points out that the world geological park of Wudalianchi should scientifically plan, stress the characteristics, reasonablly develope; make clear the guidelines of " develop in protecting, protect in developing ". Realize benign cycle and sustainable development of the tourism resources, through the government leading, market-based operation, increasing input through many channels, strengthen infrastructure construction further, strengthen management, perfect the service function, and make great efforts to build the scenic spots of Wudalianchi into the ecological tourism attractions of the whole country and even the world. The countermeasures of rational configuration of ecological tourism resources in Heiongjiang province include: clearify resources property rights, make responsibility and obligation relation in order; scientifically and rationally make development plans; take nature reserves protection as major objective, distinguishedly develop; ecological resources development promotes ecological environment construction ;evaluate the bearing amount of the environment scientifically, control the ecological tourism scale strictly; perfect regulations and policies, manage by laws; and strengthen public's ethics consciousness, etc.. The ecological tourism resources configuration problem which this paper involves is that one is relatively advanced research field. The research of worldwide ecological tourism has just shifted from stage of qualitative to quantitative stage too, the limited data all are from a few nature reserves, lacking the positive data. Because the planning and development of the ecological tourism resources in Heilongjiang Province are still at the starting stage, lacking the benefits data after the development of resources, which has restrained the author from using input-output model to make the economic evaluation on ecological tourism resources configuration. Therefore, this paper lays particular emphasis on the environmental impact evaluation and resources and ecological ethics evaluation indevelopment configuration of ecological tourism resources, although its comprehensive evaluation model of ecological tourism resources sustainable configuration overallly and systematically evaluates the ecological tourism resources configuration in terms of economy, ecology, and environment, it still needs to be examined and revised in practice of development of ecological tourism resources, with ecological tourism theory becoming better and approaching perfect day by day.