| Investment, consumption and export are the troika for China's economic growth. The situations of these three growth engines have the significant impacts on China economy. Export trade will not only be affected by the demand of foreign markets, but also be subject to the constraints of the various trade barriers from importing countries, and anti-dumping is becoming a dominant form of trade barriers.Anti-dumping has become the main tool with which WTO members protect their domestic industries and resist unfair competition, but because of the abuse of anti-dumping in some countries, it becomes a tool for trade protection. China is a big foreign trade country with higher foreign trade dependence. In the case of China's foreign trade dependence gradually climbing up, China's national economic development is more subject to the development of foreign trade. In terms of proportion, or total number, and single year, the anti-dumping which China suffered has long been ranked first in the world; China has become the world's largest victim of anti-dumping. The world's frequent anti-dumping against China makes a serious challenge to China's foreign trade. The dissertation focuses on the issues of anti-dumping against China and tries to build a corresponding system, implements reasonable policies and measures to safeguard China's legitimate trade interests, and effectively reduces the trade loss and trade friction, thus achieves the sustainable development of China's foreign trade and industrial safety.Based on the previous studies; the dissertation employs a combination of theory and practice, focusing on the practice; a combination of empirical research and normative research, focusing on the empirical research; a combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis; a combination of total analysis and partial analysis. The dissertation comprehensively applies international economics, finance, statistics, econometrics, game theory, and law and so on to carry out multidisciplinary research, studies in detail the affecting factors of anti-dumping against China from a different perspective, and also studies in detail the effect of anti-dumping against China, and analyses in detail how to build a anti-dumping two-dimension trade remedy system, finally, puts forward specific policy recommendations to the key points of trade remedy system.The main innovations of the research are listed as follows:(1) Re-calculate RMB effective exchange rate and analyze its impact on anti-dumping investigations. In the study of the total anti-dumping amount against China, the bilateral exchange rate does not reflect the exchange rate between RMB and the currencies of these countries anti-dumping against China, but the effective exchange rate makes up for the shortcoming. Previous literature published mainly used directly RMB effective exchange rate of IMF to study, but this approach has shortcomings:IMF misses some of major anti-dumping countries against China in the selection of sample countries, such as India excluded, while India has the most anti-dumping against China every year; and the base period of effective exchange rate of IMF has been adjusted several times, and the effective exchange rate of different periods isn't comparable in result. So RMB effective exchange rate needs to be re-calculated. Sample countries have been extended to 22. That is,6 major anti-dumping countries against China have been added to the sample of 16 countries. The base period of all the sample countries have been adjusted to 1995 in the calculation. At last, re-calculate RMB effective exchange rate.(2) It's the first time to quantitatively analyze the impact of China's "non-market economy status" and micro-factors on anti-dumping decision based on non-time series in domestic. China's "non-market economy status" is researched mainly by domestic scholars using general logical reasoning and case study, and impact of non-market economy status on China's anti-dumping is little analyzed with the quantitative and empirical methods. Few empirical researches based on the time series set a dummy variable that dividing line is a certain year to reflect China's "non-market economy status" changes. This kind of study set has defects. This dissertation doesn't uses the usual time series, but uses the non-time series, that is, uses the sample of case rulings other than time series to empirically and quantitatively explore the impact of China's "non-market economy status" on the affirmative or negative decisions and the level of anti-dumping duty in the research of impact factors of anti-dumping rulings against China. In addition, the research of anti-dumping impact factors are focused on macro-level and the analysis of micro-factors are very few, so this dissertation also focuses on the micro-factors such as the changes in export share and export price for the specific product involved in all the cases, and quantitative analysis of their impact on anti-dumping rulings against China.(3) Research the recovery expectation of anti-dumping for the companies involved in the cases, and how to build an anti-dumping two-dimension trade remedy system. Appeal isn't enough to encourage companies to actively respond to the anti-dumping. In fact, every companies involved knows the serious consequences of non-participation in the responding, but some companies will still give up responding to the anti-dumping. The main reason that companies are reluctant to participate in anti-dumping responding is mainly due to high costs and the lack of recovery expectation, so recovery expectation plays a crucial role in actively responding or not. How the expectation results influence responding behaviors, the factors that affect the winning expectation and how to improve the companies involved in the favor of expectations are explored. The anti-dumping trade remedy in this dissertation refers to the second meaning that a series of aid policies are conducted to maintain our normal trade and reduce our trade loss when China suffers anti-dumping, countervailing, and safeguard measures from foreign countries. There are many studies on anti-dumping trade remedy, but the systematical research on how to build a complete trade remedy system is not found. Complete trade remedy system should be vertically and horizontally organic coupling by function dimension and time dimension. The function dimension includes macro-government sector, social institutions and industry associations, three levels for micro-companies involved. The time dimension includes the prior early-warning system, concurrent countermeasures, and compensation strategies afterwards. This dissertation studies how the elements of the function dimensions and time dimensions are organically coupled to construct an effective two-dimension anti-dumping trade remedy system.The main contents and conclusions of the dissertation are as follows:(1) Research characteristics and situation of anti-dumping against China. The dissertation makes the comprehensive statistical analysis to the situation of the world anti-dumping against China from1995 to 2009. The total anti-dumping investigations of China suffering are 761; the proportion in the total of the world is 20.7%. The total final anti-dumping measures of China suffering are 538; the proportion in the total of the world is 22.7%. The number of the countries or regions of anti-dumping against China is 29. The products involved are very widely distributed, involving 17 categories of products. Various statistical data and indicators have shown the seriousness of the situation, and have shown that China is the world's largest victim of anti-dumping.(2) Research affecting factors of anti-dumping investigations against China. Firstly, the dissertation uses negative binomial regression model to study the affecting factors of anti-dumping investigations against China from the total amount of anti-dumping investigations and the China's internal perspective. After studying some macro factors from the national level, the dissertation finds that all of economy and trade situations, retaliatory capability, and international status of China significantly influence the anti-dumping investigations against China. The affecting factors include China's export, China's GDP, RMB real effective exchange rate, China's import, the number of China's anti-dumping investigations against the foreign countries, China's accession to the WTO. Secondly, the dissertation uses conditional logistic regression to study the affecting factors of anti-dumping investigations against China agricultural products. After studying from product level, the dissertation finds that some micro-factors of agricultural products involved significantly influence the anti-dumping investigations against China agricultural products. The affecting factors include the growth rate of agricultural products export price, proportion in import countries of agricultural products. These empirical results have different meaning for the government departments and companies involved, industry associations. Macro-control from government departments is mainly to monitor the total, and grasp the overall situation, so Chinese government needs to be more concerned about the factors of economy and trade, retaliatory capability, international status of China. The companies involved, industry associations as an export individual or a collection of products involved, need to pay high attention to the change of micro-factors including export price and export proportion of their own products.(3) Research affecting factors of final anti-dumping measures against China. Because the United States has a pivotal position in the world economy and trade, its anti-dumping practices against China have a strong demonstration effect, and the United States is one of the most important anti-dumping countries against China, so it is representative to research the affecting factors of final anti-dumping measures against China based on U.S. anti-dumping decision against China. The dissertation uses binary Logistic regression to make the empirical study. It finds out that the affecting factors include some micro-factors of products involved:import proportion of products involved in U.S, change rate of main export countries'export price of products involved. It once again reminds that China's companies involved and industry associations involved should pay high attention to micro-factors changes of the product involved. Although China's "non-market economy status" does not have a significant impact on the positive or negative dumping decision, it significantly affects the decisions of the anti-dumping duties'level. That is, "non-market economy status" easily leads to a higher rate of anti-dumping duties. Whether from the perspective of the companies involved or the national perspective, "non-market economy status" is the issue which we need to face seriously. (4) Research the effect of anti-dumping against China. The honey anti-dumping is very typical in anti-dumping against China's agricultural products, so the dissertation researches the U.S. anti-dumping against China in honey since 1994. By Johanscn test and analysis of various statistical data, the research shows that U.S. anti-dumping hasn't given China's honey a significant impact on export price, but we can not guarantee that anti-dumping also had no effect on export price in other anti-dumping cases, because honey anti-dumping is an individual case after all. The research also shows that U.S. anti-dumping has had a serious impact on China's honey export market share and export earnings. Besides that the companies involved should try to reduce losses through responding, market diversification and other means, the trade remedies of government and industry associations are also very important.(5) Research the construction of two-dimension trade remedy system of anti-dumping against China. The trade remedy of this chapter means the second meaning of trade remedy, that is, China takes various policy measures to avoid the negative impact of foreign anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures against China. Whether companies involved respond is the result of the final game. The most basic premise which companies involved select "responding" must be "recovery expectation". The affecting factors of "recovery expectation" of companies involved. The general idea to improve "recovery expectation" of companies involved is:actively improve the factors which we can control, try to improve the factors which we can't easily control; with the cooperation of government departments and external agencies, the companies involved are the main entities to improve internal factors, and government departments and external agencies are responsible for the improvement of the external factors. Given the serious situation of the anti-dumping that China has suffered, it is obviously necessary to establish an efficient and comprehensive trade remedy system against foreign anti-dumping. Construction of a complete trade remedy system needs to be coupled with function dimension and time dimension, to change the previous system of single construction. Function dimension includes three levels:macro, meso and micro. Marco-level mainly relates to China's relevant government departments, meso-level mainly relates to industry associations and social institutions, micro-level mainly relates to export companies with products involved. Time-dimension includes three levels:prior, concurrent, afterwards. Prior-level relates to early-warning system, concurrent-level relates to countermeasures, afterwards-level relates to compensation strategies. The dissertation constructs the two-dimension trade remedy system in which various elements of the function dimension and time-dimension mutually support, and discusses the operation of the system in detail.(6)The dissertation summarizes the previous research conclusions, and puts forward specific policy recommendations based on research conclusions to the key points of two-dimension trade remedy system.
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