Research On Performance Evaluation Of R&D Input

R&D activity is the foundation and core of all scientific and technological activities. It is also an important indicator to measure technological development level, the structure of scientific & technological activities, the extent of scientific and technological input, and scientific & technological content of a country and region. This indicator has played a key role in scientific and technological innovative activities. Experiences of developed countries in the economic growth have shown that R&D input is a vital element in the research of modern economic growth theory and the core of economic development.The current world has entered the post-crisis era. The economic development in the post-crisis era must depend on the development of new industries. The industrial revolution represented by new energy has been under way and a new round of industrial competition has arrived. R&D input is essential for looking for new technologies and new industrial growth pillars to lead the global economic development after the crisis. R&D input has a crucial significance in the new round of economic development. At present, China is in the critical period of changing the economic development mode, so R&D input performance and its contribution to economic development have become an increasing concern. To increase R&D input and enhance R&D input performance is the key to building an innovative country and enhancing the scientific and technological competitiveness. However, R&D input intensity indicator failed to achieve the expected targets and R&D input performance is not satisfactory so that our R&D input can't strongly support China's sustained rapid development. Therefore, we should strengthen the performance evaluation on R&D input, to formulate and implement R&D input strategy adapted to the new situation of economic and social development, to strengthen the rational allocation and management of R&D resources, to enhance R&D input performance, which is of important theoretical and practical significance to accelerate the change of China's economic development pattern, improve the quality of China's economic development, and enhance China's international competitiveness.This dissertation starts with the research on basic theories of R&D input performance and relevant literature, then systematically analyzes the connotation and basic theories of evaluating R&D input performance, especially making an analysis on factors influencing R&D input performance from the macro, meso and micro levels. It constructs the index system and methodological system of evaluating R&D input performance which consists of two first-grade indicators, five second-grade indicators and 24 third-grade indicators. The 2 first-grade indicators are R&D input and R&D output while the 5 second-grade indicators are R&D personnel input, R&D funds input, the direct output of R&D results, the output efficiency of R&D achievement and the economic and social benefit output of R&D achievement. The third-grade indicators include R&D personnel, R&D expenditure and the quantity of patent applications, etc. Then it analyzes the characteristics of China's R&D input & output, particularly using Logisitic model in the "S" shape characteristic of China's R&D fund input strength. At the enterprise level, factors influencing China's R&D input performance are analyzed by the optimal scaling regression analysis. After comparing the methods of performance evaluation and combining the characteristics of R&D input performance evaluation, it adopts the combined method which includes the factor analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis to evaluate R&D input performance based on regional level. DEA method is applied to evaluate R&D input performance based on industry level and the system dynamics method is used to evaluate R&D input performance based on macroeconomic data. Finally, the countermeasures are put forward to enhance China's R&D input performance.The dissertation suggests that R&D input is insufficient and there is obvious difference in the input regions and industries. The guidance of government R&D input is not enough and the collaborative degree among basic research, applied research and experimental development is not high. The enterprise-led model of R&D input has not yet formed and the evaluation and protection of intellectual property rights are inadequate. What's more, the intensifying competition of globalization also has an impact on R&D activities. All the above factors have affected and restricted R&D input performance. To this end, countermeasures are proposed to enhance China's R&D input performance from four aspects, that is, investment, protection, cooperation, and monitoring. The input of R&D fund and personnel should be increased. On one hand, we should promote the diversification of input manners and the input structural optimization of R&D fund. On the other hand, we should implement the introduction, training and education of R&D senior talents so as to improve the R&D personnel input. The security system of R&D input performance should be established and improved to strengthen the legal protection of managing and protecting the intellectual property while the government's role should be strengthened in enhancing R&D input performance. We should vigorously conduct R&D cooperation at home and abroad, not only to promote the establishment of technology innovation system with the enterprise R&D as the dominant factor and the cooperation of industry, academe and research institutes, but also to boost the international R&D cooperation strategies, put more emphasis on R&D input performance evaluation and to establish a sound performance evaluation system.The innovation of this dissertation includes:First, this dissertation defines the connotation of performance evaluation concerning R&D input, comprehensively establish the systematic R&D input performance evaluation system, and expand the research field and methodological application of R&D input performance evaluation.Second, in view of the characteristics of China's R&D input, Logistic growth curve model is used to analyze the"S" shape of China's R&D input intensity so as to clarify three important points in China's R&D input intensity. The optimal scaling regression method is applied to analyze the Jiangsu innovation survey data. The model shows that R&D personnel input, R&D expenditure, the enterprise scale and enterprise sense of innovation are key factors influencing the performance of R&D input.Third, in the evaluation of China's R&D input performance from the regional level and industry level, the factor analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and DEA methods are organically optimized. Based on macroeconomic data, the system dynamic simulation model consistent with the actual situation of China's R&D input performance is built and applied in practice. Variation of China's R&D input is dynamically predicted so as to lay the foundation of grasp the characteristics of future performance changes and the roles of policy factors in the changes.