High-data-rate Wsn Energy-saving Strategy, Research, And Qos Mechanisms

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is self-organized distributed multi-hop network composed of large numbers of ubiquitous micro-sensors with wireless communication and computation ability, and WSN is an intelligent cooperative system to accomplish appointed tasks independently according to the situation. Sensor technology, micro-electro-mechanism system technology and wireless communication technology are integrated in WSN, therefore, WSN is a brand-new information acquisition and processing technology and is the next generation wireless network system. With the development of WSN and the increase of multimedia application requirements, High Data Rate Wireless Sensor Network (HDRWSN) emerges as the times require. HDRWSN syncretizes the logical information world and the actual physical world, and it will change interactive manners of human with nature. Since HDRWSN has many different characteristics compared with the traditional WSN, the research of HDRWSN is very important. In this thesis, three key topics including energy saving strategy, QoS mechanism and multimedia sensor nodes design are investigated deeply.Firstly, novel energy-saving strategies for HDRWSN are investigated. It is supposed that the traffic load of WSN is very low in the most routing protocols and energy constraint is the only factor to be considered, but it is not true for HDRWSN. According to the energy efficient requirements and characteristics of HDRWSN, a Load Balanced and energy aware routing (LBEAR) protocol considering both energy consumption status and load congestion levels of sensor nodes has been proposed. LBEAR protocol equipoises network energy and load distribution, therefore, it can prolong the lifetime of HDRWSN through resource equilibrium. Further, MST-based clustering topology control (MCTC) algorithm to adjust the sensor node's transmission power of two-tier structured HDRWSN has been proposed. MCTC algorithm is a hybrid topology control algorithm with clustering control and transmission power control. Maximum energy and minimum distance clustering algorithm is used in MCTC to divide HDRWSN into two-tier structure and cluster heads can perform data aggregation for all the cluster members. The intra-cluster and inter-cluster topology control scheme uses Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) to decide the transmission radius of cluster member and the transmission radius of cluster head respectively. The simulation results verify that MCTC algorithm can reduce network energy consumption and the performance of MCTC algorithm is near MST algorithm.Moreover, novel QoS mechanisms for HDRWSN are studied. Since QoS multi-constrained routing has not been studied previously, in this paper, the mathematical model for QoS multi-constrained routing problem is investigated, and a particular delay constraint maximum energy residual ratio path (DCMERRP) problem for HDRWSN is proposed. Heuristic ant colony optimization (ACO) method is used to solve QoS constraints routing problem in a fully distributed fashion. The simulations verify that ACO-QoSR protocol can improve the selected paths' energy residual ratio with path delay constraint, so as to improve the QoS level of HDRWSN. Cross-layer optimization design is a brand-new philosophy for wireless network protocol design. In this thesis, a novel cross-layer QoS optimization design framework base on middleware for HDRWSN has been proposed, where all protocol layers are considered together and HDRWSN performance is jointly optimized. Afterwards, in this thesis a cross-layer multipath routing protocol for multiple description coding video transmission on HDRWSN has been investigated. In the proposed cross-layer multipath routing design, to maximize video PSNR of application layer is the optimization objective and each description of multiple description coding is mapped to different link-disjoint paths decided by PHY and MAC layers for transmission. The simulation results verify that the cross-layer multipath routing protocol improves the video transmission QoS over HDRWSN.Finally, an IPv6 based HDRWSN design prototype has been proposed. The sensor node with IPv6 address is developed with ARM9 embedded system and has the ability of taking photos for environments and events, and then transmitting data to the sink and the terminal users in the IPv6 rapid Wi-Fi communication fashion after collecting, coding and processing. The sink node has the additional ability of wireless communication using CDMA. This IPv6 based HDRWSN framework has the ability of image collection, and it can be developed further to be used in the objective recognition HDRWSN system.