A Research On The Reform Of Post-graduate Entrance Examination And Enrollment System In China

Since 1913, full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system has been reformed in frequency in different historical stages of development, With the implementation of China's large-scale development of post-graduate path in 1999, the entrance examination and enrollment system has been reformed more frequently. However, Which has still criticized severely. For example, full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system is becoming national college entrance examination system, and affects the normal development of undergraduate teaching, and retest is becoming a form, and black-box operations make test-equity absent, The quality of students has been a sharp decline.There are three kinds of full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment systems in China' post-graduate education history: colleges and universities to recruit, colleges and universities to test and national admissions, and national tests and admissions, which is mainsteam . The reform of China's post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment systems is in the three indirect methods. At the same time, It Presented under the auspices of the Government of the gradual reform of the characteristics.The full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system reflects the interest groups tend of government, colleges and universities, instructors, students . the order interests of government determine the gradual approach adopted by the Government-led reform. To access to resources of survival and development colleges and universities insist on the autonomy of the expansion of recruitment; To achieve academic value instructors insist on the interest tend of students quality ; Candidates always insist on the interest tend of access opportunity. But because of government administrative or political and economic authority, the interest tend of order has been at the forefront. Which is the most important reasons that the reform of the full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system is failure.Under the conditions of graduate education large-scale development, To construct new post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system must follow these principles: government-led gradual reform, examine mainly and no-examine as a supplement, the interest groups tend can not balance completely and to highlight the interests of instructors tend, to put select examination into practice. To follow government-led reform is not that government emphasize its order, is that government emphasize instructors' interest tend. The government-led gradual reform is external aids principles of reforms of new post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment systems, and other principles define attributes of new post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment systems.From the premise of starting of the examinations right separation of the admissions right of post graduate, the China's full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system may have many models. There are three kinds : one is colleges and unversities joint examination, national unified plan enrollment; two is the national level of examination, national unified plan enrollment; three is the national level of examination, colleges and unversities joint examination and national unified plan enrollment. Whether to implement any kind of models which must ensure the quality of instructors, frame an elimination system, clarify the colleges and universities with students, parents, relations between the powers and responsibilities, establish oversight bodies to exercise supervision, expanse university autonomy to improve the recruitment autonomy.Compared with the characteristics of frequent of reform in full-time post-graduate entrance examination and enrollment system, the reform of PH.D candidate admission system is fewer and more small rate. The insructors' interest tend has been more emphasized in PH.D candidate admission system, which is more reasonable, because that consistents with Ricard W·Tresch referred to the theory of separation of powers. However, PH.D candidate admission system is criticized sharply. The dissertation thinks that we must safeguard resolutely the recruited autonomy of colleges and unversities and instructors. There are two alternative reform models: one is colleges and unversities unified entrance examination and plan enrollment, two is instructors take charge of examinations, colleges and unversities unified plan enrollment. Whether to implement any kind of models which must ensure. supervision to the autonomy of admissions units and instructors by the system and the news media.