A Study On The Evolvement Of Organization Structures Of Secondary School In Modern China

Based on the institutional theory of organization, the purpose of the dissertation is primarily to explore the evolvement of organization structures of secondary school in modern china with a historical approach, and then try to understand the causes of the formation of the school organizational form in that era.Speaking concretely, the dissertation will study two kinds of organization structure, one is the administrative structure, and the other is sex structure. As a logic premise, the dissertation analyzes the establishing of the modern educational system and the appearance of secondary school in late Qing before discussion of the two structures.This paper argues the appearance of secondary school related with the changing of worldview in late Qing. Breaking away from the self-centered worldview, the Chinese in late Qing found the world, and legitimate the model of nation-state. Therefore, nation-state became the prototype of nation building in the late Qing. Accordingly, the myths and beliefs about the model of nation-state make the Chinese believe that building the modern educational system is a important mean to become powerful. With the building of modern educational system the secondary school appeared.After secondary school came into existence, its evolvement of administrative structure experiences a process of differentiation and conformity that includes three stages. In the first stage (from 1902 to 1917), the dean of teaching differentiates from JianXue. In the second stage (from 1918 to 1932), with the appearance of the dean of instruction and the conference or council institutions, the departmental structure of secondary school took shape and diffused. In the third stage (from 1933 to 1948), the administrative structure took place two main changes under regulative policies. One is the appearance of the dean of JiaoDao, and the other is the appearance of the dual system in secondary school.The first reason of the evolvement of administrative structure of secondary school is the increase of school size. However, Size variable not only fail to explain some concrete structure such as military instructor, but also can not interpret why vast majority school choose similar departmental administrative structure. The paper argues that in the cognitive dimension the departmental structure connect with people's concept about education. Generally, people think education at least includes three sides' tasks that are intelligence, morality and physical education. Correspondingly, the administrator separate school works to three parts. Furthermore, the departmental structure of secondary school diffused among schools through the influence of profession community's activities in 1920s. To 1930s, the governmental regulative policiesdirectly result in the isomorphic form.As far as the sex structure is concerned, the paper explores the process from singular to pair sex secondary school organization. In the late Qing, the female image of a dutiful wife and loving mother that brought up by the new intellectuals encouraged female education, and female school. After the New Culture Movement, the new ethics such as men's natural right and scientific knowledge such as psychology criticize the traditional morals. Under this context, the male and female studying together in the same secondary school realized. To the middle of 1930s, the back of thoughts of a dutiful wife and loving mother did not lead to against to pair sex secondary school organization, because in this time forces of constraints of traditional morals weakened.Supported from the analysis of the evolvement of administrative structure of secondary school, the paper argues that there two approach to explain the causes of the formation of the school organizational form in modern China. One is ration, and the other is legitimacy. The former is convenient to explain the appearance of new organization form, and the latter is suitable to illustrate the diffusion of some organization forms.