The Influence Of Knowledge Representation, Level Of Skill And Age On Intuitive Decision-making In Simulated Competitive Situation In Badminton

The study, using the testing system of decision-making ability of badminton players—BTL-CYM-JCXT-V1.0 which was designed independently, examined the influence of knowledge representation, the level of skill and the age of player on speed and accuracy of intuitive decision-making. A total of 371 participants with the age ranging from 7 to 26, coming from countrywide badminton team, were involved in this study. There were 180 male plays and 191 female plays. The results showed that: The reaction time of experts was 700ms, and anticipation accuracy was above 30%, significantly higher than random probability (16.7%). The selection reaction time was declined significantly under right anticipation and increased significantly under wrong anticipation. There was obvious difference of knowledge representation among groups sorted by the accuracy of anticipation, while no significant difference of anticipation accuracy was found among groups sorted by the amount of information given. The anticipation accuracy was increased gradually as players growing, though the raising rate is different at diverse age-period. During the 10 to 14 years old, the intuitive decision-making ability increased quickly. Then, a platform period of developing was followed, which lasted for four years. From 20 to 26 years old, the increasing of decision-making ability restarted but in a rather slow rate.The results indicated that:1) the anticipation of shuttle direction was a type of intuitive thinking, the function of anticipation on the level of performance relied on anticipative accuracy.2) Knowing to judge the track of the flying ball on the basis of"the action at the drive moment"was a milestone in forming of the intuitive decision-making ability of badminton players, while owning knowledge of"driving custom, tactics intention, competition situation"meant that a player has been promoted to the higher level of decision-making. There was no linear relation trend between the intuitive decision-making ability and amount of information. The efficiency of decision-making was highest under the condition of"the action at the drive moment"and"passive state"combined. The action knowledge can be represented in two forms—abstract representation and image representation. The role of abstract knowledge in intuitive decision-making relied on image knowledge.3) The shortage of experience accumulating and strategies specially related to the badminton learning may be the key factor of platform. The ability of intuitive decision-making played a more important role on performance of adult than that of young people. The plasticity of such type of ability is very high and increasing one's intuitive decision-making ability should be a useful way to raise his performance. However, previous researches and training have paid little attention on this aspect.The time of temporal occlusion was the key in terms of the separating anticipation reaction time from action choice reaction time. The most appropriate time of temporal occlusion of anticipation was 40ms before drive, and the most appropriate time of temporal occlusion of action choice was 280ms after driving.Additionally, this study also proved that the testing system of decision-making ability of badminton plays--CYM-JCXT-V1.0 was of perfect reliability and validity.