The Transformation Of Education During The Early Revival Period In Taiwan (1945-1949)

After Chinese people won the complete victory in the anti-Japanese war (1937-1945), Taiwan returned to the motherland. Taiwan, once under Japanese colonial government, became a province of Kuomintang governed area where carried out the special centralized type of organization. Taiwan reunified with China mainland, which started an all-around transformation of Taiwan society. During the civil war launched by Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang government, China entered a period of political turbulence and socially swift change again. Taiwan people were delighted at the reunion, but soon they became disapproved and disappointed because of the Kuomintang feudal dictatorial control. The contradiction between officials and civilians were aggravated, finally there broke out "February 28th Incident" which revolted the rule of Kuomintang. After Kuomintang authorities brutally suppressed the incidents, they imposed more strict control on Taiwan society. Lose the popular support, lose the authorities. Taiwan became an escaping base after Kuomintang suffered an utter failure on China mainland. In this context, the education of Taiwan during the early revival was in a period of all-around transformation which differed from other provinces. It is an unforgettable part of Republic of China's education history; furthermore it is an important turning point of Taiwan education history. However, the research of Taiwan education in this period has been ignored for a long time. Although great importance has been attached to it during recent years, it is still lacked of intensive and systemic studies.After the revival, the sovereignty alternated, Kuomintang authorities took over the education bureaus and all schools at different. According to the rule will, Kuomintang established the educational purpose, set the educational system and the transitional measures in detailed accorded with Kuomintang laws and rules, which entered the process of transformation to Kuomintang rule education from Japanese colonial education. During this period; under the powerful rule, the educational purpose was established and carried out, the educational system was transmitted and implemented, the teachers' team was adjusted and its quality was improved, educational language and educational contents were transmitted and unified, which provided the foundation for the survival and development of Kuomintang in Taiwan. However, this transformation was deeply influenced by the half-century long Japanese colonial rule, furthermore, it was carried out under the situation of the centralized control,unbalanced political ecology and economic recession, besides, if only cost a short time, which led to many distortions and conflicts. This transformation had some obvious historical limitations. The transformation of education during the early revival in Taiwan was a "motherlandizing" transformation which was led by the core of "Kuomintangization". Impressively understanding the transformation of education during the early revival in Taiwan with a correct concept of history, which can not only enriches the theoretical understanding of the transformation of education, but also improves more mutual comprehension, and provides some valuable inspirations of promoting the peaceful reunification between mainland and Taiwan.