Curriculum Design Paradigms And Methods

The theories of the curriculum design came from the investigation of curriculum design practice. During centuries intersecting, in our country the fundamental education is experiencing the large-scale curriculum reform, and this reform established national curricular position, thus re-constructed the national curriculum. This research is a research aimed to new curriculum design process.The western curriculum research lasted more than 100 years, and there were different characteristics on the time sequence. Among the research for curriculum developing, there were various fields of research areas, methodologies and developing "rules" before and after "reconceptualization". The former emphasized curriculum development including curriculum design, implementation, evaluation, management etc., that is emphasized science, estimation and control in curriculum development. The latter thought the curriculum design can't be divided from implementation in practice, and emphasized that it should be to adjust, instruct courses by concrete situation, teachers and students. In fact the latter kinds of curriculum development only can take place at school level, but this kind of viewpoint of curriculum that concerns for curriculum situation, and emphasizes interactive curriculum design with implementation also affected the understanding about the curriculum designing by all curriculum researchers. For this reason, no matter on what level and for what type of curriculum design, it should not persist in the strict "science" methods and steps, but should by the background and the resources in practice particularly and completely.The new curriculum design is derived from our country curriculum design. The traditional culture in curriculum of our country has dual nature, one is the traditional Confucianism in China culture, and another is educational culture that formed by national system, ideology in socialism country founded more than 50 years. The two kinds of traditions developedmutually and became the dual characteristics in traditional curriculum culture in our country. On this background, after 1980's reformation and opening, the fundamental education curriculum of the country also reformed accompanying with the national modern progress. Particularly after curriculum reform in 1993, curriculum research gradually became the "show to learn" in education research, and the research results were gradually abundant. According to Glidden's duality of social structure, the new curricular design was born in current curriculum culture construction, which was the motivation by new curriculum designer in current course" construction" (rules or resources) to reform, and based on these current "construction", re-constructed a new "construction" about curricular system, idea and approach of research.How is the new curriculum re- constructed? The purpose of this research is not and cannot answer such kinds of the type of normative problem as "what should the curriculum design, curriculum research to be", but the purpose is to answer questions of "subject history", that is "what actually is curriculum design in reality". The curriculum design is practical, and it can only develop and extend in history, and can not deduce by using the some "principles" which is no self-contradict in thinking. This research is to construct and reflect the history that inspires to the future curriculum research during presenting historetical affairs.In the 90's of 20' centuries, the Chinese society faced second times of society transforms post-20 centuries-one transformation of social modern on over-all levels. Under such social background, some educators re-constructed national fundamental curriculum with their professional pursues and social responsibility. This process brewed in!996, prepared and preliminary research in 1999, and published the senior high school curriculum standard (trial edition) in 2003, which lasted totally five years. This design process is a process in which designers presented their educational ideals by curriculum, and is a proce...