Statistics Philosophical Reflection

This paper based on the foundation of philosophy, examines such basic problems as system and its function, the background of Method and logical thinking of statistics from the point of view of philosophy, and probes into the philosophical sense of statistics. It contains five chapters, and the main contents of each chapter are: Introduction This paper establishes the research method and train of thoughts of philosphical thinking of statistics, and theoretical value of philosophical thinking of statistics. Chapter one Statistical Ontology. Starting with the most fundamental and essntial cell of statistics statistical information, it explores the characteristic and motion process of statistical information and its systematical structure. On this base, it puts forward and discusses the views as to:攕tatistical information activity is a kind of cognitive activity? 搕he content of statistics is the numerical regularity of objects? 搒tatistical method is the law of cognitive regularity? 搒tatistics is a subject of sub-philosophy? etc. Chapter two Statistical Epistemology. First, it studies the basic attribute of statistical cognition, the speciality of statistical cognitive motion and the basic statistical cognitive concept fron the point of view of epistemology, and elaborates in detail the point that statistics is a endless circulatory re- cognitive process and deeply analyses the contradictive movement between objective and relative statistical cognition. Second, under the guidance of systematic theory, it dissects respectively the formula of essence, sytematic structure and their basic functions in the statistical ? cognitive system as to each componert factor of statistical cognitive~ system, that is ,statistical cognitive subject, its object, method and its cognitive root. Chapter three Statistical Methodology. The research of statistical method here is neither the mathematical principle of the verification of statistical method, nor establishing systematically the method system of statistics, but focus on the philosophical principle of statistical method. On one hand, it further certifies the position of frsub~philosophyII of statistics objectively through the study of extensity of statistical method. On the other hand, it analyzes some of the statistical methods in the view of philosophy, and explores and discloses their philosophical background. Chapter Four Statistical thinking. It puts forward the concept of statistical thinking and discusses its characteristics. It summaries and outlines the normal form of statistical inference. From the point view of criticism it dialectically discloses the incompleteness of statistical inference, and also does some further research on a few specific statistical inference processes.