Actors,Relationships And Processes:the Structural Conversion Of The Primary Social Governance

Social science research in a professional manner to understand the social and description of society, it has to propose to study the problem, explain the cause of the problem, but also ideas and paths to solve problems. This article is based on community survey found that grass-roots social problems caused by thinking.At present, China's grass-roots social governance is facing four major problems:First sector monopoly and the fragmentation of administrative inefficiency; weak grass-roots social atomization, the decline of social internal cohesion, individual members of society rational enhanced public awareness; government action, social action, government action and the breaking of social action, the discretization of government resources and social resources; farmers into the city but not into the city, the gap is too large supply of public services, urban and rural communities. Problems in the above problem is not only China's grass-roots social structure changes in the grass-roots social governance restructuring, from a relational level of analysis involved the discussion of the four-group relations: within countries and within societies, the state and society, urban and rural areas. The experience proved the above problems are not independent but are linked there. On research methods, the author uses the methodology of holism, combine the macro and micro analysis, two hypotheses through research and social survey:the actors-the structure of relations and grass-roots social governance process theory. Full community building as a starting point to analyze and solve the outstanding problems in the grass-roots social governance focus on the evolution of the grass-roots social governance logical order to study.The separation of departments to the department collaboration within the government relations conversion. Papers to the community of government functions into a logical starting point, the case of urban management and social security in the vertical in the end and lateral segmentation system, the state is posed by multiple actors, all actors in accordance with their own preferences to take independent action in the case of lack of administrative coordination mechanisms or poor coordination of the administrative sector monopoly, the compartmentalization of conflict, administrative expansion of neighborhood offices, community committees, administrative stuck. Primary administrative system reform, there is no grass-roots social governance structure optimization. Process reengineering and integration of resources as a path of grass-roots administrative reform, the government departments out of the experience of the "prisoner's dilemma".Residents' associations and social organizations, social relations within conversion. The collapse of traditional communities is a global phenomenon, a product of industrialization, marketization, urbanization, and internationalization. The collapse of the traditional communities does not mean that human beings do not need the Community, but it does mean that the human need to create a new Community. Community conflict in Western developed countries are more conflict between the various social organizations, and community conflict are more "low organized" or "organized" and "low institutionalization" or "no system conflict rooted in the constitutive deletion of "public reason" within the community is broken down as scattered individuals or groups, with the Western countries within the community posed by the different social organizations. Domestic experience has shown that grass-roots social organizations need to shift from the Regional Community organization and community community life community is constructed through the development of community self-government organizations, and enhanced within the grass-roots social cohesion is also achieved through the development of community self-government organizations. The grass-roots social organizations, will give rise to a community neighborhood committees, the main community governance mechanisms.Cooperative action between the Government and the conversion of social relations model. The reason why the community building of developed countries embarked on the country under the guidance of social action, their experience is that these countries have adopted a range of policy instruments in favor of social organizations to participate in the cooperation of governmental organizations and social organizations. Changsha Kaifu District, Jianghan District, Wuhan City, the government through the purchase of services, project subsidies, project incentives, to promote community management of social and community services, to promote governmental organizations to cooperate with social organizations, the convergence of government action and social action experiences.From the divide and conquer to one conversion of the urban-rural relations. Change the urban-rural dual structure in order to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, to change the dual identity of the farmers and the public to form a unified national treatment, which is both the needs of the modern nation-building, but also the needs of the construction of modern society, the state ensure that citizens' rights to shape the national unity for all citizens attributable to the identity in the country. Promote urban and rural integration requires the integration of urban and rural community development, urban and rural grass-roots social governance structure as the basic way, promoting urban and rural integration also requires the cooperation of state and society, government organizations and social organizations, farmers and the public, the establishment of an inclusive community, inclusive sex the city until an inclusive society. The conversion of these four relations is a product of grassroots social problems in deep reflection and constantly search for the best governance model. Of the conversion of grass-roots social governance is not a single conversion, but a structural transformation, the transformation of existing relations, are also actors, roles change and the replacement of the governance process, the process of replacement of the grass-roots social governance through the government functions and community-based, government departments collaboration, and residents' associations, government and social co-operative, and the integration of urban and rural community governance in five phases.