Building Social Order In Community Management

Social order is a main subject of social scientific studies. At the same time, the building of social order in a community as a common space for life is also a major concern of public management. In the context of Chinese social transition, the diversification of interests and orientations of social actors may arise some tensions in old community orders by bringing out new orders. For the sake of"building communities as auspicious and peaceful life spaces with a good governance and perfect services, it is necessary to innovate the manner of direction, organization and action, so as to realize a co-governmental situation where the community affaires are"under the Party's leadership, charged by the government, engaged by social actors and participated by the public".The community-building is basic and fundamental to society-building, whose principles consists in"insisting on the Party's leadership, harmonizing different relationships, accepting the governmental management, promoting the self-governance of residents, engaging associations and coordinating divers social forces". Its objective is to renew the community development by following the"small government, big society, strong Party"requirement. The problematic of the present research is as following: How to integrate the five main forces in a community– Party and mass organisations, administrative authorities, social organizations, lucrative apparatus and community residents? How to achieve the four tasks of community building– self-governance of community, negotiations on community affaires, community services, responsibility in community life? How to mobilize and orient the administrative management of the government, the autonomous participation of social organizations, and the engagement of lucrative apparatus in a community?The ongoing development of the state and society in China is a double process: on the one hand, the reinforcement of state power at the basic level shifts the focus of management work to the local government; on the other hand, the market and the community tend to expend their institutional space during the community-building process. In order to combine these two processes to an integrated one and the same process, it's necessary to resort to neighbourhood service, in other words, community, as a crucial point or a platform of combination. The neighbourhood (administrative area in the geographical sense) is in itself one of the basic societies of a city, a foundation of the state power, a place for the application of policies for people's life and for accessing public service, and a space for all kinds of social organizations'activity and functioning. In a relatively long term, the neighbourhood service, as a model for the construction of community's order, will remain as a fundamental unity of community. In the ongoing social transition, diverse social interests, needs, and contradictions converge at the urban community. Consequently, it is crucial to reinforce the management of the basic society in the urban community and to construct a reasonable and regulated urban community's order, so as to improve the management manner of society and ameliorate the level of urban public management.However, our governance of the basic society is still constrained by the hierarchized management, and unfortunately, it seems that the hierarchized management is tending to become more intensified and mored deepened. In the transformation of basic societal governance form neighbourhood service system to community system, the government should direct the integration of community-building and community order on macro and middle level, and at the same time"retreat"or try to"lose weight"on the micro level. In this way, the government may leave the community service and construction to the rising number of social organizations and lucrative apparatus, so as to avoid sinking deep in the mire of"routinism"and"technologism". Therefore, this paper propose that the actors in the construction of community order should take each their specialized position and perform each their functions, and by which to push forward the"centralization"model of community.This main subjects of this research on community order are as following: 1) the construction of management system of community, that is to say, the process of the construction of administrative service; 2) the influence of the exterior institutions on community, in other words, the process of community exchanges with the outside institutional environment; 3) the development of the deliberation system in community, namely, the auto-governing process of community; and 4) the existence of the interaction system in community, that is to say, the process of informal regulation.