The Analysis Of Affect-factor Of Chinese Children's Quanlity

The quality of children is not only directly related to the quality of the future workforce, but also related to the socio-economic development. To study the children's health and education level and identify the affecting factors is helpful to establish the appropriate measures to improve the children's quality and improve the potential social and economic development. Children is our future, the study of children's quality plays an important role in the sustainable development theory.In this paper, we use China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data and quantile regression method to analyze the influence factors of children's quality from children health and education view. After theoretical analysis and empirical study on 10897 Chinese children's the weight-for-age,height-for-age and education attainment, we find that the gender of children and the number of siblings has a significant effect on the children's quality. In addition, excluding the impact of physiological and genetic factors, the home geographic location, household per capita income levels, the educational level of parents, parental occupation, the mother's childbearing age are significantly affect the children's quality.Since "son preference" is a common phenomenon in China especially in the rural areas, children's gender is an important factor affect the quality of children. Parents make the decision to distribute the family resources by maximizing their utility. Because of the existence of child sex preference, the parents evaluate the quality output differently for their son and daughter, so on the condition of family budget constraint, the patents who have "son preference" will invest more on their son. Thus the different investment on son and daughter makes the quality difference between boys and girls.Parental education level affects their expectations for their children's education, the educational opportunities for children, as well as children's education expenses. High education level parents have the greater expectations for their children's education. So high education level parents are more willing to invest for their children's education, and their children have higher opportunities to attain good education. In addition, usually high education level parents have more wealth and higher social status, so they can provide more education funding, educational resources, nutrition, and better growth environment to their children. More investment on the children means higher quality of children, thus parental education level have a positive effect on the children's quality.We use the children's quality-quantity tradeoff theory to explain the negative relation between the size of family and children's quality, the analysis showed that the children's quality of signal child family is not significantly higher than non-signal child family. Actually, we find two-child family is more conducive to children's growth.Generally speaking, the quality of urban children is higher than in rural areas, the quality of children in the eastern provinces is higher than the children in the western region. Since there is a huge gap in economic and public facilities development level between rural and urban China and between eastern regain and western regain, the children's quality in different areas is different. Furthermore, the huge income gap between different areas results in the unbalance of health resources supply and public facilities investment. The unbalances of health and education resources distribution strongly affect the quality of children through the intergenerational transmission way.In addition, education and health influence each other. Higher education level means higher ability of keeping and improving health. Since people who have high education level better understand how to effectively use health inputs to keep their health, education is conducive to health improvement. On the other hand, the improvement of health also help to improve children's learning, the opportunity to receive education for poor health children is lower than normal children. Furthermore, the schooling age, academic performance and attendance of poor health children are inferior to the health children.Base on the empirical study results, the last chapter concludes with policy suggestions to improve Chinese children's quality, including reforming birth control policy, building the social assistant system for poor children, reforming the traditional social pension insurance system, implementing the free maternity and child care education.