A Study On Cults Controlling Of Qing Dynasty (1644-1840)

Cults were widely accepted in Qing Dynasty.Law and measures of Qing government in guarding against and managing cults was the most typical in the Chinese ancient times.We can draw lessons from them in setting up law system of guarding against and managing cults in modern society.This dissertation includes five parts in general.Part One which is "the reasons of the cult being accepted in Qing Dynasty" mainly discusses exterior factors which inducted cults,for example,the political aspect,the economic aspect,cultural aspect,religious aspect,social structure and so on.Part Two dealing with "the main categories of crimes cults committed" mainly induces and summaries the main crimes of cults in politics,infringing upon human rights,infringing upon property,destroying the order of social management,etc.Then,this part points out that cults were harmful to national and the social stability and the life of people.Qing Dynasty drawing up laws and adopting measures to forbid cults was reasonable and necessary.Part Three is about "the law of cults controlling",induces and summaries the concrete provisions of law,inquiries into and analyzes the historical evolution of law,the reasons,and the background.Then,the part generalizes the principles of punishing crimes committed by cults,and points out the merits and demerits of cults controlling law.Part Four mainly talks about administrative measures on restricting cults,induces and summaries various measures of Qing dynasty in cults controlling,for example,the economic,political,cultural,religious, public order measures,etc. The last part is on "the practices of controlling cults of Qing Dynasty".The emperor,bureaucrats and people had different attitudes to cults,and adopted different measures.The part analyzes the differences, disclosing the demerits of law and measures of the Qing government controlling cults and the effect on practices of controlling cults.