International Trade Financing

Since the reform and opening-up, marked successes were attained in our foreign trade, which transforms China from a small trade country to a large trade country. However, many problems still exist in our foreign trade. For example, slow enhancement in the electromechanical products export, weakness in some products competition, excessive centralization in the export markets, serious deficiency in working capital of the foreign trade enterprises, heavily debts of the enterprises, shortness of the encouragement policies in electromechanical products export, slow growth in private export enterprises. All these problems reflect uncoordinated development of our foreign trade and finance, which undoubtedly hinder the realization of the strategies of developing our country by relying on foreign trade.An important trend in the development of contemporary international trade is the fusion of traditional international trade and international economic cooperation. Under this trend, to research the commodities flow must consider the production factors flow. International capital flow has already changed from attaching to the commodities and labors flow to accelerating the commodities and labors flow. In present, facilitating preferential credit term play an important role among the international trade bargain terms. As the scale, quantity of international trade expands, scope of mercantile partnerships widens, and complexity and uncertainty of trade increases, both trade parties are in a dilemma in which they have to choose between the bargain and risk. Taking advantage of international trade finance can eliminate the dilemma above. From a micro point of view, international trade finance could not only satisfy the capital demand of export enterprises, reduce the capital occupancy and elevate the funds liquidity, but also enhance enterprise competition by facilitating preferential credit term to the mercantile partnerships, expand the trade opportunity and increase the export. From a macro point of view, international trade finance could accelerate external trade, facilitate flow of international capitals and commodities, and promote economic development and employment. These advantages have already been extensive applied in the developed countries, but not played the role in our foreign trade. Therefore, this thesis attempts to systematically analyze international trade finance, find the problems and constraints existing in our trade finance and thus propose corresponding suggestions and measures.The thesis mainly focuses on international trade finance from bank point of view. By researching the development, role and characteristics of international trade finance, it compares and objectively evaluates all types of international trade finance patterns. In the meantime, it analyzes the patterns, institutions, role and development trends of the international trade finance of contemporary west countries, finds the main problems existing in our trade finance, studies the related reasons, backgrounds and policy constrains in the development of our trade finance with regard to finance principal parts (i.e., banks and foreign trade enterprises), and thus proposes the corresponding micro measures and macro suggestions. Finally, it presents the opinion that to completely solve the problems existing in our trade finance, we should further deepen the reform of trade structure. Based on the above, by discussing trade finance theories and combining with the reality of our foreign trade development, it propose the principles which banks and foreigntrade enterprises should follow in international trade finance, and forecast the future development trends of our trade finance.The thesis consists of nine chapters in five parts. Part 1, including one chapter (Chapter I), expounds the history, types, principal part, role and characteristics of international trade finance. Part 2, including three chapters (Chapter 2, 3 and 4), mainly focus on the international trade finance patterns, including the medium-term and long-term pattern...