Yunnan K County Hmong Spontaneous Migration Governance Research

The Hmong spontaneous migration phenomenon has had a long history.The Hmong migration was one of the most frequent in the process of historical development of various ethnic groups.Their footprint throughout nearly half of China, has even taken the country, which enable them to become a global nation.Hmong spontaneous pace of migration has not stopped until today.The Hmong which from all sides have moved to K county since the national household contract responsibility system in rural areas.There has formed a number of villages inhabited by the Hmong spontaneous migrants.Hmong is a typical mountain ethnic groups, their spontaneous migration activities not only with specific geographical features, also has the characteristics of living together.Hmong spontaneously moved to the barren hills and forests of the K county by the factors of individual economic rationality, the tragedy of the commons. At the same time, it was also a continuation of the Hmong traditional travel farming slash and burn mode of production.The Hmong spontaneous migration in K county has a certain degree of survival data to improve the life.However, relative to the the K county residents,they are the foreign population,because identity differences make it difficult for them to be accepted by K county socially They are living in poverty,in addition,Their democratic rights and public services can not be protected,They are in the margins of society.This situation occurs because the Hmong cultural adaptation lag, but more inextricably linked with the role of social exclusion-the current household registration system, as well as public resources allocation compatible with this, even people's values have all contributed to the Hmong spontaneous migrants be accepted by mainstream society.Surprisingly, this marginalization of the situation did not stop the pace of the Hmong spontaneous migration, until today, many of them still continues as the survival of this Wandering way of lifeFor K county,the Hmong spontaneous migrants added to the part of the labour necessary for its development, but their arrival have also caused many Issues of environmental management and social management,this became a "bitter pill" that Hard to swallow for he local government.Along with the Hmong spontaneous migrants continue to move into,Some of the forest resources and mountain vegetation suffered severe damage and even failure,This led to the K county ecological environment problems have become more prominent. Coupled with population explosion caused by spontaneous Hmong immigrants, the security problems, conflict of interest matter, social security risks and social problems are growing, Which greatly impact the K county social management.However, this is not the Hmong spontaneous immigrants willing,But their survival is highly dependent on forest and land,,but the ecological self-repair capacity can not meet the growing population, This will inevitably lead to ecological damage;On the other hand, the impact of social management is the disorder Competing for space caused by Hmong spontaneous migrants and aborigines living space,not blame to the Hmong spontaneous migrants unprovoked trouble.Hmong spontaneous immigrants have been expanding,their marginalized status and outstanding problems caused by more and more attention.Many organizations and individuals are participating in the governance management of the problem, and play their role.K county Government is very concerned about the Hmong spontaneous migration trends and movements,.pro vide much needed public services within the scope of institutional flexibility, also strive to adopt new measures in the hope that spontaneous interest demands of migration from deeper to meet the Hmong;NGO not only pay close attention to the survival status of the Hmong spontaneous migrants in its school-age children's education, improvement of basic living facilities has played a larger role;Hmong elites involved, not only timely grasp the dynamic development of the situation, but also by their advantages in different areas in which to play their own role, solve many realistic problems,Also set up a communication platform between government, Aboriginal peoples, NGO, to meet the demands of the Hmong spontaneous migrants to a some extent.The Hmong spontaneous migrants self-organization based on the needs of the basic order of the establishment of village society has played a role of the orderly supply of basic public facilities.It can be said that precisely because of the positive action of the plural subjects that makes the the K county Hmong spontaneous migration has not caused major social consequences, their contribution is enormousUnfortunately, the practice of multiple subjects to take part in the government does not solve the fundamental problem,this is survival and development of Hmong spontaneous migration,and now the current governance also showing a "fragmentation" of the form,Unable to form a joint force.It can be said that this governance structure and the results did not reach the goal of governance.The fundamental reason of this is that the practice of governance does not get the support of the legitimacy of the system.The formation of the system has deep historical roots and basic values, which also gave rise to our further thinking.about a better governance of the Hmong spontaneous migration.The Governance of Hmong spontaneous immigrants in K county related to a fundamental value problem, which was how to treat the Hmong spontaneous migration phenomenon. The Hmong spontaneous migration was a continuation of its long-term development of the history of the evolving travel farming civilization, which was contradictory with the modernization of the country in the perspective of national governance, The most fundamental contradiction was that the spontaneous migration of the Hmong needed to loose Resources, Environment and loose management, however, the modernization of the country would promote resources more concentrated, property rights become more clear, management has become more standardized, which is how to promote the survival protection and development needs of the Hmong spontaneous migrants specifically in the process of national modernization. This involves not only inclusive of national integration and national relations, but also closely related to the value orientation of the inclusive growth of the national governance.We needed not only to reach a consensus in the basic level of value, especially the Hmong spontaneous immigrants citizenship guarantee, but also a breakthrough in building systems, including household registration system, and associated with the supply of public services, public finance resource allocation system government performance evaluation system, which is to eliminate the country's modernization and the Hmong from the greater degree of spontaneous conflict between the protection of the interests of immigrants. In addition, we should promote the cooperation of multiple main administration building of governance mechanisms, making our Governance more extensive social support and strength polymerization.We can foresee Hmong spontaneous migration improved governance can not be accomplished overnight; the final settlement of the problem necessarily requires a relatively long period of time. We need to have enough patience and sustained action. At the same time, we found that many ethnic minorities would show some discomfort in the modern impact of the wave, and accompanied by some ethnic social issues followed. In fact, the spontaneous migration of the Hmong is a typical ethnic social problem in such a process of modernization. The analysis and discussion of its governance not only allows us to more rational understanding of the part of the social problems of ethnicity, but also open a window for our more in-depth study to better governance of ethnic social problems. We hope that the far-sighted politicians and thinkers be able to see farther through the windows.