Ming And Qing Civil And Religious Thought Study

With the social development and progress, mankind are deepening their understanding of religion. In religious studies, people continue to focus on "institutional religion" (such as Buddhism, Taoism), while those "non-institutional"folk religion are growing in popularity. But for various reasons, research in the field of folk religion, religious ideas of its apparently lag behind the evolution of religious sects. In the study of religious thought, its View of gods, but even more is not being full attention and rarely cares. As the Ming and Qing Dynasty Chinese folk religion in society is prosperous period of high incidence, therefore, this paper explores the perspective of modern religion, the view of Gods as focus, combined with the Ming and Qing civil religious sects main scriptures-Baojuan(宝卷)and other related materials, careful interpretation and analysis of each of the gods lineage, myth theory, the concept of salvation, ethics, expand four-part study investigated the Ming and Qing Dynasties the formation of religious thought, religion evolution and history track, folk religion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties thinking of the gods the religious significance of the new exploration, which made the following important points:Firstly, the Ming and Qing folk religion by means of integrated absorption, adaptation and use of various religions (mainly Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism) the gods, built a huge all-inclusive divine pedigree, in order to achieve "the many religions normalization", the ultimate goal of unity in Datong(大同).Harmonious equality"Pantheon", indicating that the real world hierarchical system of bureaucratic rule in disgust and denial, but also to the broad masses of believers to provide a safe and warm spiritual home and thought destination, to attract more people join the church. The God of the establishment of belief systems, not only enhances the ability to bless the faithful on the Buddha's affirmation and recognition, but also inspired the hearts of believers self-confidence and self-discipline.Secondly, "WuSheng mother"(无生老母)as the supreme God, the Creator, the myth of thinking clearly reflect the Ming and Qing folk religion "people oriented", inclusive of all religious ideas and characteristics of the times, so this myth generated ideas in Chinese society the extensive and far-reaching effects. the same time, many sects of the Ming and Qing folk religion"deified leader"of the myth, both its religious sanctity to strengthen the religious consciousness to reveal, is the search for social living space and power and power sharing as well as trying to buffer system of political tension between the "unconscious" and taken by. Creation myth and the myth of its founding leader of the establishment of just thinking and behavior for the salvation provided a theoretical premise, only to place the reality of the religious basis of the implementation of such thinking and behavior have a reliable guarantee. The Ming and Qing Dynasty folk religion that the religious ideology of the mature and complete, rational elements which greatly increase the Ming and Qing folk religion is the religion of all sects rising level of awareness of the significant symbol.Thirdly, the Ming and Qing folk religion to save World(救世)thinking is embodied self and his rescue of unity with each other characterized by"salvation"theory. Especially as the salvation of the"Tools"and "FaChuan"(法船)and "Hui"(会), because of its ideological origins of the long-term and as a deeply hidden in the human mind in the"unconscious", the face of social crisis and the coming of real suffering and was completely inspired them, have become the be accepted by many religious sects and the wisdom of salvation" idea was put into action in order to show the folk religion of Ming and Qing Dynasties "salvation" idea The distinctive characteristics and powerful ideological artistic charm infection. The leader of the show's"supernatural" phenomenon in the religious movement to save the world based on "personal"and "popular" double meaning, overturned Weber on religion in China as "the absence of prophecy" for the characteristics of the thesis. Figure prophecy predicted the core of as a religious movement the core, in the Ming and Qing folk religion Salvation Movement, which has important the role of the four, correcting the" Haven't develop a salvation in China, especially All salvation"Idea of misconceptions, but also confirmed the Yang QingKun on China's religious groups (including of course the Ming and Qing civil religion sects) "has been through the conversion of personal salvation, and salvation through universal access to the whole concept of salvation."Fourthly, the Ming and Qing Dynasties of folk religion, the face of "syncretism" to create a tradition of thought, other than the Confucian ZhongXiao(忠孝)ethics effects, the ethics of gratitude ZhongXiao(忠孝)thinking more from the Buddhist concept of gratitude, and gratitude in succession based on the ideas of Buddhism and the new. Such as the "four gratitude" development "32 gratitude", and will also "lord" from the original secondary was placed in the first, reflects the ethics of the Ming and Qing folk religion the distinctive character. Lord God, from the highest "WuSheng mother"(无生老母)of creation to the worship of gods of many women, reflecting the folk religion of the Ming and Qing to Daoism's Thought of "Focus on life and Rebrith" inherit and carry forward the traditional ethics. Meanwhile, the number of female Leader, the emergence of female Believer, in particular its unique expertise in the care of women suffering physical, but also to the lofty spirits of human salvation back to the real care for, show Religion and Ethics Innovation transcendence.