Study Of Rhetoric In "Zuo Zhuan"

The so-called "rhetoric", is the modified and the appropriate words, though general for political affairs is widely used in various fields. "Zuo Zhuan" very characteristic of the rhetoric,over the years, people studied and analysised it from different perspectives .Rhetoric in "Zuo Zhuan", primarily in diplomatic area, that is, the words that the speaker in order to safeguard national interest through negotiating, entertaining, thanks, blaming and so on to the other side. Rhetoric-based diplomat and pedestrians subject, but there are businessmen, civilians also play the temporary role of it; also, there are words, not in diplomatic occasions, only some informal exchange of similar daily, but they are also the considered language that was more profound understanding of the hearer, or though it one can hear the words the implicated, we also counted them as rhetoric. Rich rhetoric was the direct result of close contacts and frequent diplomatic activities between vassal states.In the first chapter of the body parts we classified the rhetoric in "Zuo Zhuan"from the form. It can be classified from more than one perspective : because the subject is different between the upper and lower level ,so their position and purpose are different so that the style of rhetoric of course also different; Rhetoric is not the same situation occurred ,in the feast occasions, people being drinking while they often write poetry subtle gentle euphemism can be showed, but under urgent circumstances, such as in the war as opposed to upper situation, rhetoric generally short and concise; Rhetoric reached a reason for striking literary grace, elegance and beautiful results, largely because the use of a variety of rhetorical devices, such as using dual can enhance a sense of rhythm, and musical, and using parallelism and asking can achieve a potential to enhance the effect of language and so on.In Chapter II we discuss the narrative perspective of the rhetoric. In this chapter we intend to use Assumption's theory of perspective to study the narrative perspective of"Zuo Zhuan" rhetoric. In"Zuo Zhuan" rhetoric, the overwhelming majority of the voices are men's, the female characters in the narrative voice is very weak, and exists in some form as remonstrate, comment, complaint and so on.Then turn to the time perspective of"Zuo Zhuan" rhetoric. "Zuo Zhuan" is a chronological history book, the nature of recording history provides the way which should take sequential narration but it often broke the constraints of time, using flashbacks, pre-classification, etc., Space-level perspective on the view type of reference Genette's concept of a classic: "Focus." The space-level perspective of "Zuo Zhuan" is a non-focus, internal focus and external focus on ways of combining narrative. The author writes about people's rich thoughts and feelings, such as love, hate, fear, or derogatory, reflected the psychological perspective of "Zuo Zhuan", and its moral sense of the value perspective reflects the tendency.The third chapter we study from the perspective of semiology. First of all, talking about the symbolic system."Zuo Zhuan" refers to various of example from "Zhou Yi". One of the category in this book is the "images",also meens the objective things. The ancients refined images from the objective facts and represented a variety of human fortune and the universe changes though images. The second series of symbolic system in"Zuo Zhuan" is the etiquette. Etiquette is the external manifestation of ritual, or symbols form (Saussure said refer to), but it can reveale the substance of the ritual. Another important symbolic system in the book is various ideas, such as virtue, credit, loyalty, respect, etc. Also includes "rectification of names" ideology which many pre-Qin classics referring to.Next we talk about metaphor. Metaphor and metonymy are important concept in semiotics.People have found metaphor and metonymy in the language continuously with the deepening study.There are a lot of these phenomena in "Zuo Zhuan". This article would like to talk about the performance in euphemism of rhetorical.Then on referent questions. There are many forms of "ZuoZhuan"rhetoric which is full of features.One of the typical forms is reference. Cited"Poetry"and"Zhou Yi" proverbs are our main argument.Chapter IV discussed the custom of respecting etiquette prevailed of "ZuoZhuan"rhetoric. As a famous ancient cultural and historical writings, "Zuo Zhuan" will no doubt reflect the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture. The rhetoric is the typical reflection. The ritual standard is regarded as the evaluation on the people and event.Using ritual standard, rhetoric performant features of elegant and implicit In addition,with the restriction of etiquette , the speech has some fixed characteristics.Chapterâ…¤would like to say about the relationship between writing poetry and etiquette. Writing poetry is a unique form of "Zuo Zhuan"rhetoric. This form of rhetoric expressed not only euphemistic meaning, resolve conflicts in foreign policy,while also reflecting the individual knowledge and training. The emergency, development and the final disappearance of writing poetry, are all closely related with the ceremony."Zuo Zhuan" rhetoric reflects a value orientation for good and be against evil.