Comparative Research On The Images And Motifs In The Myths And Legends Between Korean And Man-Tunguska Various National

The scholars in Korean Peninsula and China have had extensive research about the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national, and they have accumulated substantial achievement. This is the essential prerequisite that this thesis could be accomplished. However, when researching the achievements, it is uncommon that having a comparative study about the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. In order to make up the deficiency of first achievement, this thesis select the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national as the main research object. In order to focus and expand the discussion, the thesis choose original image, prototype and myth motif as the point. At the same time, it also use new research methods in comparative literature named "Triple Evidence Method", and new theory of comparative research in myth motif, and combine cross—cultural material such as folklore, ethnology and anthropology to have detailed search on primitive culture appearance and the origin relationship between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. This research would have essential significance on broadening the comparative research field of myths and legends, enriching the achievements, exploring the origin of primitive culture and national origin and exploring the source of ancient culture in East Asia.The first module of this thesis is researching and exploring about material and cultural exchanges between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national, original ideological and the myth of the evolution. This is also the feasibility of discussion about comparing the myth motif between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. Korean and Man-Tunguska various national are belong to Mongolia race who live in north-east of Asian continent. They mixed together from generation to generation in north-east of China, so they have the same economic and cultural background and language exchange. This point lay the material and cultural foundation for having comparative research on myth motif between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. The development of awareness of original inhabitants between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national followed through Spiritual concept, Animism concept, Gods concept and Sacred concept. Corresponding to the concept, there are "Original myth", Natural myth, Totem myth and the myth of heroic ancestors. The similar primitive religion and widespread myth which existed on various stages of development of primitive religion lay the ideology foundation for having comparative research on myth motif between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. The most myth that we can see today is in the period of Patrilineal clan and ancestor worship. The feature is that previous "Original myth", Natural myth and Totem myth accumulated as myth motif, myth image. In other words, previous "Original myth", Natural myth and Totem myth accumulated as myth motif, myth image in the myth of heroic ancestors. And the myth images and motifs expressed the theme of divine kingship and saving the tribal. That is, myth developed with the development of human society and the theme that it expressed changed with the different patterns of human society. But between nations who lived in the same area had cultural exchange in multiple ways like wars and material exchange. And often formed cultural phenomenon like "You are my and I have you". As a part of the culture, myth included myth culture of other clan, tribes and nation. This is the crystallization of national integration and cultural exchange. And this point also supply the important factual information relationship to comparative research on myth motif about the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national.The second part is analysing meaning of symbol of the the most important original image, like God bear. The development of awareness of original inhabitants between Korean and Man—Tungus followed through Spiritual concept, Animism concept, Gods concept and Sacred concept. Corresponding to the concept, there are "Original myth", Natural myth, Totem myth and the myth of heroic ancestors. The meaning of symbol of the important original images, like sun, trees, deers, bears, birds, pigs, and tigers accumulated Spiritual concepts, Animism concepts, Gods concepts and Sacred concepts. For instance, the birds perched in the sun, so the sun can "fly" in the sky, that means the birds are genius of the sun. The big trees and antlers can communicate the heaven, so the trees and antlers are ladders that connect the heaven and the earth. These are the "Original myths" that primitive ancestors explained the nature with their own closest animals and plants under the control of Spiritual concepts, and they are also the initial myths. This is also the initial image of the sun, deers, trees and birds. Animism concept was begot based on the Spiritual concept. This concept believed that humans and animals both have souls and when the humans and animals died, their souls came back to God who managed reincarnation of the soul in the heaven and they waited their next birth. Therefore, the birds that can fly in the sky act as the vector of the soul. Totem concept was brought about in the early matriarchal society. This concept has the relationship with some "need" if natural object could satisfy the primitive ancestors. Because the instinct demand of human people is physiological and secure demand like eating, drinking and living. This demand of primitive people is short-term, or long-term, or substantial or spiritual. For instance, the sun, trees, deers, bears and birds, pigs and tigers mentioned before all revealed Totem concept in the myths and legends between Korean and Man—Fungus. That means there is plot about multiply clan and tribes. However, some of them rose up as tribes and national Totem, but others still remained in the clan level and became clan Totem. With the further development of productivity, matriarchal society declined from top period, instead of it, patriarchal society began to rose up. Because the former was matriarchal society and in the latter was the patriarchal society, so a lot of sacred Totem objects had Goddess composition. Such as, Sun Goddess, female bears, female pigs and female tigers. And birds and trees also turned to women to multiply the clan. These appearances are all residues of matriarchal society. It is also why Gods possessed female factors at first. In patriarchal society, social division of labour began to appear and there was level differences among people. Supremacy of God and various God controlled boundary and the underground. The original equal various God began to reduced as the messengers of God. For instance, as the messengers between the heaven and the earth, deer God, bird God, pig God and tiger God are belong to mountain God, and the sun is the daughter or sun of God. the above mentioned was the universal law of development of primitive ancestors' awareness. The main images of the myths and legends also reflected this patten. Assuredly, not all the images reflected in the same way, they had a little differences because of the distinctive of living area and productivity of every clan, tribe and nation. Korean entered agricultural civilization earlier, therefore, like antlers can communicate the heaven this image had been disappeared. Although in the myths and legends, there was no sign, the antlers on the crown of Silla which was found by archaeologists could explain that Korean primitive ancestors had concept of that antlers colud communicate the heaven.The third part is exploring the types and connotation of essential myth motifs in the myths and legends between Korean and Man—Fungus. From the classification study to the types of important motifs like "descending from the heaven", "oviparous", "hero abandoned", "hero was chasing across the river" and "heroes marriage problems" in the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national, it can be found that the types of important myth motifs are rich and varied. Such as, "descending from the heaven" this motif can be divided into "the son or daughter of God descended from the heaven" or "eggs descended from the heaven" or "fairy descended from the heaven", and "oviparous" this motif could be minutely divided into "eggs descended from the heaven" and "human health eggs", and "hero abandoned" can be divided into "children abandoned after giving birth", "animals abandoned after giving birth" and "eggs or meat ball abandoned after giving birth", "heroes marriage problems" can be divided into the types of problems. For example, "test magic", "test force", "intelligence test". These motifs and connotation fully reflected the social formation and marriage pattens, soul concept and Totem concept and life ceremony and adult ceremony. They are true reflection of social life of primitive ancestors between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national.The last module is myths and legends of bear Totem and bird Totem and comparison of narrative plot structure of heroic myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. Exploring myths and legends of bear Totem and bird Totem and comparison of narrative plot structure of heroic myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national means from comparing the myths and legends of bear Totem and bird Totem and comparison of narrative plot structure of heroic myths and legends to explore the original the myths and legends of bear Totem and bird Totem and comparison of narrative plot structure of heroic myths and legends of Korean who entered agricultural society and had more developed civilization. From the comparison, it is found that if there was not the story of Huan-xiong in the first part in Dangun mythology, the structure of the story was the same as the myth of bear Totem in Oroqen, Ewenki and Hezhe. In other word, the prototype of Dangun mythology is from the story of that a hunter married female bear or a woman married male bear then they had one or two children, then the human left the bears and the posterities became founding ancestors or heroes or hunters in the myth of Oroqen, Ewenki and Hezhe. So the story is based on the above mentioned myths and have developed. The legends of bird Totem of Korean named Joseph Park the World Habitat is constituted to the plots of giving birth, growing, marrying, founding and becoming God after the death. Three fairy story is made up giving birth, growing, testing, founding and marrying. Two of them are almost similar except some differences. There are both plot motifs of heroes became adults, heroes had adventures, heroes was framed up and heroes got success in the myths and legends between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. The four motifs are the contents of the trunk which made up heroic myth between Korean and Man-Tunguska various national. The difference is in Korean Jumong mythology, the beginning part emphasized the noble descent, identity and identities and status of Jumong's parents and their meeting and love while Man-Tunguska various national, they emphasized the hero's background, hero's living environment, production and unfortunate experiences. The reason why there are differences is that the themes that is reflected in heroic myth is distinctive. For instance, in Jumong mythology, the origin of royalty is the point. So it is essential to explain the Jumong's parentage to get the aim of divine kingship. But the heroic myth in Man-Tunguska various national, its most theme is heroes fought with the metamorphosed demos because of the peace of tribe and set up immortal contribution. So in the beginning, hero's living environment, production must be mentioned.From the exploring and dissertation mentioned above, this thesis has the rich treasures including values of philosophy, aesthetics, religion, language and history been in initial systematic excavated and researched.