A Research On Ways Of Communication Of Ci-verses In Tang & Song Dynasties

In the past ,there are a few researches on Tang-Song ci from the view of communication. However, it is really through communication that Tang-Song Ci have been handed down. This thesis aims at researching on communication ways of Tang-Song Ci with a kind of new view, and tries to find out the important role communication has played in the developing process of Tang-Song Ci and its changing styles through detailed analyses on various communication ways of Tang-Song Ci.The preface of the article provides a general description of the current situation of researches on communication ways of Tang-Song Ci, points out the significance and values of such researches, and briefly introduces the main content and methods used in the researches.Chapterâ… : The background and the phases of Tang-Song Ci communication. The communication background of Tang-Song Ci is the basis for any research on it. The first one we should consider is urbanization, which provided massive recipients who possessed the capacity of appreciating Tang-Song Ci; The second is commercialization, which guaranteed ideal soil for Tang-Song Ci consumption; the third is demoralization ,which made Tang-Song Ci authors free from spiritual restrain. From the view of communication, Tang-Song Ci can be divided into such three phases as "verses of musicians" , "verses of poets" and "verses of Ci writers", which have closed connection with voice communication, literal communication and print communication respectively.Chapterâ…¡: Communication of Tang-Song Ci (COTSC) through dancing and singing. This method had placed an profound impact on Tang-Song Ci, which initially established its main style, added attractions to it and multiplied its influence among the society. Firstly, this chapter would research on the common places where communication of Tang-Song Ci took place through dancing and singing, the players, and the ways of singing.With detailed comparison and analyses of various materials, this chapter presents a vivid picture of communication of Tang-Song Ci through dancing and singing at that time.Chapterâ…¢: Communication of Tang-Song Ci by means of intoning. Like COTSC through dancing and singing, COTSC through intoning is also a kind of voice communication . Although the latter is not so charming as the former, it is more convenient and vulgarized. Initially, COTSC was mainly through dancing and singing, and seldom through intoning, Afterwards, songs of verses were disappeared, so intoning became the main way of voice communication.This chapter would analyze means, features and effects of the communication of Tang-Song Ci through intoning.Chapterâ…£: Communication of Tang-Song Ci by hand-copied books. COTSC by hand-copied books is a communication way with the longest history. Although since Tang V the printed books have been popular, hand-copied books have still taken their own position on the stage due to the cultural philosophies and material conditions of people.As a primary material, Hand-copied books are of special function. This chapter would research on categories, values and effects of hand-copied books in COTSC.Chapterâ…¤: COTSC through wall records. Walls, which can be found everywhere, provided convenient opportunities for poets in Tang & Song Dynasties to practice their writing skills and met poets' desire to publish their own works, in addition, enhanced its social influence . Wall records also provided rooms for ordinary people to study ,to appreciate and to comment on those Ci works, which was also contributed to the prosperity of Tang-Song Ci. This chapter would make researches on the sites that wall records of Tang-Song Ci existed and the reasons lying behind the emergence of large quantities of such works, analyze their major contents and cite some places where wall records of Tang-Song Ci appeared.Chapterâ…¥: COTSC by stone inscriptions. Stone inscriptions can be maintained for a long time. As the ancestor of print, it is convenient to make copies in large quantities. Poets of Tang-Song Ci possessed a good command of taking stone inscriptions as an important media to enhance their own social influence .In this chapter, the author would expound categories, means, and values of stone inscriptions in COTSC.Chapterâ…¦: COTSC through printing. From the very beginning, Tang-Song Ci has been developed enjoying the same pace as print. Aided by print technology, Tang-Song Ci have been spread rapidly and massively. This chapter would talk about diversified channels for COTSC, varied forms for publishing works, and convenience of the circulation of such books. Till the Southern-Song Dynasty, with enhanced social status of Ci verses, the printed Ci gatherings have become a common phenomenon, and gradually developed into a major media for COTSC.Chapterâ…§: The production and the communication of Tang-Song Ci are interactive with each other, in this chapter, the author explores the role that various ways of COTSC played in promoting the production of Tang-Song Ci. Efforts would be made to discuss the relations between ways of dancing and singing & the forming of Tang-Song Ci, the combat of musical part and literature part of Tang-Song Ci & the evolution of COTSC, and the relations between its elegancing & the evolution of COTSC.