A Study On ZhongJun And WaiJun In The Southern Dynasties

ZhongJun and WaiJun originated from Wei Dynasty. In the Southern Dynasties, their connotation changed a lot because of the development of imperial power and other historical changes. In this period, we called the army ZhongJun whose responsibility were defense the security of emperors and capital and Stationed on JianKang city in the Southern Dynasties, and called other army WaiJun which Stationed on local area beyond the capital. The main sector of ZhongJun was so-called LiuJun leaded by LingJun General and HuJun General. WaiJun included every interconnected system army of commander-in-chief, state soldiers, prefecture soldiers, county soldiers, local township soldiers, the commander-in-chief's private soldiers, and local servant's officials, etc.In the Southern Dynasties, no matter the frequent replacement of the regime from the Song Dynasty to the Qi or Liang or Chen Dynasty, or the throne of all regime replace; no matter the recover of the central regime from the special politics in the EsatJin Dynasty to the imperial power, or a series of major event taken place in the Southern Dynasties and the transfer of personnel and political system, ZhongJun and WaiJun were all playing an extremely important role in this course and was the focus of the political event and numerous changeable political phenomenon. So the study on ZhongJun and WaiJun in the Southern Dynasties could help we understand further more about the politics and further announce the characteristic of the political situation in the Southern Dynasties.The study on the organization of ZhongJun and WaiJun, manpower resource, the number of the troops, etc, aimed at expand the intension of the army research and enrich the content of the military history in the Southern Dynasties. In this doctorial thesis, we try to finish the following tasks:Through the argumentation in respects such as the soldier's source of ZhongJun, the composition of the armed forces, main force's group of the armed forces of the army, etc. in every main period among the Southern Dynasties, announce the regional characteristic of ZhongJun in the Southern Dynasties;Through studying about respects such as overview, orbit, characteristic and reason why the army flows, etc. in the Southern Dynasties, announce the characteristic of political development in the Southern Dynasties;Through the analysis of the questions such as the region distribution characteristic of WaiJun, the center that WaiJun distributed and the law its changed, the check and balance of each other inside WaiJun, explore the development and changes of WaiJun in the Southern Dynasties and its relation with the change of the political situation in the Southern Dynasties;Through the analysis of the concerns between the changes on the pattern of ZhongJun and WaiJun and the political situation in the Southern Dynasties, explore the reasons that frequent replace taken place in imperial power in the Southern Dynasties ,explain the characteristic of southern regime under the pattern of the north and south and confronting each other, the rise and decline of political and its result, and then understand the law and experience, lessons of becoming extinct of historical development in the Southern Dynasties.Through the study on the interdynamic relationship, the combination intensity and their way, the balance of force and its change, etc. between ZhongJun and WaiJun in the Southern Dynasties, get the regime mode of the Southern Dynasties and the structure of national defense.In the later East-Jin Dynasty, there was cleavage between kin-nobleman and emperor power during their clan political co-reign. Former BeiFu general, Liu Yu, defeated Huan Xuan, achieving the course of establishing Southern Song Dynasty. " YiXi" Political period was Liu Yu's preparation of subverting Jin and establishing Song, as well as the process of founding ZhongJun and WaiJun System. Such system created by Liu Yu, in which there were too many leakage, finally led emperor power of "JingPing" to be impaired. JingZhou CiShi, Liu Yilong, governed JianKang by controlling WaiJun and created a new prohibitive regime based on the JingZhong veteran, then a comparatively sophisticated ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction system came into being with the ensuing outcome "YuanJia" period. WenDi's political fault and situational changes resulted in the collapse of "YuanJia" regime and ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction system as well.JiangZhou CiShi, Liu Jun, captured the emperor's position and re-established ZhongJun of the new dynasty, mainly by virtue of soldiers in YongZhou. But he was so challenged by tribes and other regional groups that he couldn't fulfill the process of ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction. The relationship between ZhongJun and WaiZhun got worse and worse in the period of emperor Xiaowu. When emperor Ming came into power, he took many steps to stabilize his ascendancy, only leading the army forces run out of emperor power's control. Finally, minister Xiao Daochen subverted the Southern Song Dynasty and founded the Southern Qi Dynasty. The following Qi, Liang and Chen Dynasty experienced a similar course of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.An eventually view on the Southern Dynasties' political told us that a perfect system of ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction hasn't came into being at all, because there were many contradictions in the process which the tyranny regime can't solve. Although, ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction appeared every now and then. In this circumstance, the army force's constitution in the Southern Dynasties transformed a lot, the regional groups transformed as well. The stability of the Southern Dynasties' political has a lot to do with the extent and mode of ZhongJun and WaiJun's-interaction, as well as many policy's draw up and apply. Furthermore, the emperor power of the Southern Dynasties' political amplified constantly in the process.