Muzhanga And The Politics Of Daoguang Government

This dissertation, based on the theory of Marxist dialectical materialism, the study on Muzhanga, inspects on the politics of Daoguang Government by Muzhanga's life stories, aims at the artificial reasons for all kinds of the social diseases. There are altogether five chapters:Chapter One, Outstanding Person of the Eight Banners illustrates Muzhanga's political activities in Jiaqing Government and in the beginning of Daoguang Government, the positive role in the Grain Ocean Transportation in 1826 and the process of being Chief Grand Councillor.Chapter Two, Muzhanga and the Opium War explores Muzhanga's role in the Opium Ban Movement, the unjust case about Ying Yao and signing serious of unequal treaties to the Western Powers.Chapter Three, Muzhanga and the Official Administration of Daoguang Government explores respectively the political changes of Daoguang Government, including Muzhanga and Zaiquan, sticking to the old ways, discriminating against those who held different views, the wicked helped the wicked, expending rapidly of Muzhanga's forces, Muzhanga and the selling official posts and titles of Daoguang Government, effection on the imperial examinations of Daoguang Government when Muzhanga was in power, Muzhanga being in power and the official diseases of Daoguang Government.Chapter Four, Muzhanga and the Finance of Daoguang Government explores , governed by Muzhanga and his force, the state finance being thrown into confusion and hiving too many difficulties to cope with, having too much exorbitant taxes,levies and objectionable practices, having too much difficulty both officials and people, the national treasury bing depleted.Chapter Five, Muzhanga and the Military Affairs of Daoguang Government. the wielding rule of Muzhanga and his forces not only led to the failure of the Opium War, but led to the dying young of the military improving oneself movement, led to the military discipline degenerating, looking down upon the people's militia, deceiving their superious and deluding their subordinates, smoking opium, being degenerate and decadent, working soldiers in private, pocketing a portion of the soldiers'pay, being short of the soldiers, falsely claiming the soldiers'pay, war preparation being binding, being winked at banditry and disastering to people and so on.The corrupting rule of Muzhanga and his forces had old practices dying hard to the official administration, finance and military affairs,and took further steps to accelerate the declining process of the middle period of Qing dynasty.