Study Of Willingness Category And Passive Sentence In Chinese

Willingness is one type of the modals of volition. As a semantic category, the semantic connotation conveyed by the modal of willingness exists widely in Chinese. Some researches, regarding expressions like'wish'and'desire'as willingness concept of semantic category, have been done with grammar units such as verb, adjective and adverb, etc.. This thesis proposes that willingness is a semantic category, analyzes its features and relation with'zizhu'category, and, by means of willingness category, explore the nature of passive sentence and forming conditions of passive sentence consisting of'给','叫'and'让'.Chapter One proposes the concept of willingness category and introduces the theory of cognitive linguistics related with willingness category. This thesis believes that the willingness has sense, positiveness and subjective activeness.Chapter Two discusses the relation between'zizhu'category and willingness, that is, the difference and connection among the modal of willingness, the modal of intention and'zizhu'category. The thesis claims that'zizhu'is formed by the following two semantic parts, willingness and ability, and that independence features activeness with actual meaning. Besides, this chapter also discusses the impact of the object as willingness goal on the willingness of transitivity structure, and some syntactic phenomenon related to willingness goal.Chapter Three is the first part of the analysis of willingness and passive sentence. It analyzes the nature of passive sentence in view of willingness and proposes three models of marked passive sentences, transformation reverse, contrast reverse and negation reverse. It also analyzes the relation of ambiguity and willingness and discusses the relation of object absence and the ambiguity of'叫'and'让'.Chapter Four is the second part of passive sentence analysis. It mainly discusses the attributes of willingness ( unconsciousness and negativeness) and the effect of them together with other related characters in the ambiguity of'给','叫'and'让', and describes the ways how the effect conducts.