A Study On The Creation Of Talking And Singing Literature Of The Qing Dynasty

Although scholars have realized the great value of the talking and singing literature creation of the Qing Dynasty and made a great research achievement, these research was only a chapter of the popular literature history and talking and singing literature history or only a study on a single form, and have no books or degree thesis on the macroscopic situation of the talking and singing literature creation of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, my thesis make a study on the macroscopic situation of the talking and singing literature creation of the Qing Dynasty on the foundation of the scholars' study.This thesis select some forms of talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty which have great creation achievements. They are Pu Songling's folk songs of Liaozhai, the female writer's Tanci, Daoqing of the Qing Dynasty, Jia Fuxi's short Guci and Zidishu. They belongs to different talking and singing arts, but they have some same features, they are writers's individual creation, and have great aesthetic value. Otherwise, they were discriminated by orthodox literary history. There have flowery and popular language, reflect the scholar class's emotion and have a long distance from the orthodox. Talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty demonstrate clearly the extensive and profound of Chinese culture. They have the qualifications to became Chinese classic literature. Single works of talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty playing the major role in this thesis, and this thesis's main purpose is to point out the overall achievement of the talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty, and point out the relation of talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty and Chinese popular literature.There are eight sections in this thesis, the Introduction is the thesis's theory strongpoint, the six chapter of the main body research different talking and singing literature forms of the Qing Dynasty. The Conclusion pass judgment the meaning of the talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty.The Introduction research some theory questions about the talking and singing literature of the Qing Dynasty. The talking and singing literature can be distinguished into three categories: talking, talking and singing, singing. The talking and singing one is the main body of the talking and singing literature. The talking and singing literature undergo three period: oral spread, original copy for the talking and singing art, the talking and singing literature creation. Chinese talking and singing literature originate very early, there were many record works for the talking and singing arts, Bianwen is the general term for these works.The talking and singing arts developed quickly in the Song Yuan Ming dynasty, but the original copy was very little, much less the scholar's talking and singing creation. There was a flourishing situation of the talking and singing literature in the Qing Dynasty to the accompaniment of the art's flourishing situation. The talking and singing literature of Qing Dynasty have so many writers and works, and it attach importance to the works' individual creation.The first chapter study Pu Songling's folk songs of Liaozhai. The folk songs of Liaozhai have two forms: talking and singing form and drama form. Pu Songling draw on the Ming and Qing Ditties and Folk Songs to tell about the story. Pu Songling's folk songs of Liaozhai is a recreation about the Liaozhai story, it includes Pu Songling's emotion of care about the society and his purpose to teach the county people. The folk songs of Liaozhai's subject can be distinguished into two categories: express his feeling and teach county people to do good deeds. As a scholar who approach the county people, Pu Songling willingly undertake the duty to teach the county people to do good deeds. The folk songs of Liaozhai have great artistic achievements, it delineated so many vivid figures by popular language. It was the harbinger of the Liaozhai Talking and sSinging in after days.The second and third chapters study the female Tanci of the Qing dynasty. Tanci have a very tight relation with the women in the Ming dynasty. There was a female writer's group in Qing dynasty, they selected Tanci to manifest there talent and write many works which can only be read. The female Tanci tightly related to the political and cultural condition of the Qing Dynasty, and in which "The Three Great Tanci" have achieved the most important achievements.The earliest female Tanci Voluminous Tanci Rain Flowers have obvious survivor complex, and its author Tao Zhenhuai believed that the reason of the Ming Dynasty's downfall was the moral's degeneration, so she created a vivid and clear-cut image to bear her aspiration of save moral As a woman, she cared about the famine fate and display the conflict of the father and the daughter in her book.From The Reincarnated Marriage to The Famine Talent, Reverse The Heaven, The Blossom Pen, there was an interweave of reading and creating in female Tanci. Chen Duansheng's The Reincarnated Marriage expressed her unfolding women's strong desires for career success and her resolute attitude by the plot of The Women Who Dressed Like Men. The Reincarnated Marriage is the most distinguished Tanci in the Qing Dynasty. Because of Chen Duansheng's unique style of reverse Yin and Yang, so many female writers can't help correcting it by write Tanci. Hou Zhi's Reverse The Heaven made Meng Lijun repent of her sin. Qiu Xinru's The Blossom Pen declared that her creation was to correct Chen Duansheng's The Reincarnated Marriage. She cleated a female heroine who have both ethics and talent. On the other hand, Qiu Xinru was a spokesman for women under the shield of the filial duty. The overcome and cling to the orthodox ethics reflect to conflicting of vigorously foster self-consciousness and cater to famine tastes.The flourish of the female Tanci was tightly related to famine culture of the Qing Dynasty. The female writers expressed their dream of render meritorious service and make a distinguished career by the plot of The Women Who Dressed Like Men.The fourth chapter research the Daoqing of the Qing Dynasty. Daoqing can be distinguished into two categories. Zheng Banqiao's Ten Daoqings is a wise counsel that admonishes the world, it's style just like Yuan Opera. Huixi Daoqing's theme is very broad, and most of it act a educational role. Xu Lingtai also differentiated and rectified the melody of the Daoqing, manifest scholar's own initiative to create talking and singing literature. The two books have great influence in the Qing Dynasty, and many people do some imitations.The fifth chapter research Jia Fuxi's Mupici. Mupici forward and developed Yang Shen's Cihua about the History. Mupici exposed the holy people of Chinese history in there true colors, it is another survivor expression and represent normal phychology of some scholars in that age. As talking and singing literature, Mupici do not tell long story, but only short stories, it is very popular and have enough ridicule effects. Mupici have an obvious acting feature and consciousness of literature form, put forward many constructive opinions on the talking and singing art. Mupici's coda have a song named Bewail the JiangNan, which was borrowed into Kong Shangren's Peach Blossom Fan. Mupici deconstruct the orthodox ethics and construct another ethics.The sixth chapter research Zidishu. Zidishu was a talking and singing literature form which be created by the descendants under the Banner System in the age of the Qing Dynasty. It originates from the northern Guci, and manifests the cultural background of both Man and Han characteristics. Zidishu can be distinguished into West Tone and East Tune, the representive figures were Luo Songchuang and Han Xiaochuang. Writers often revise novels and operas into Zidishu.The Conclusion evaluate the talking and singing literature creation of the Qing Dynasty. Compared with novel and opera, talking and singing literature flourishing in the Qing Dynasty, so it had a representativeness in the literature of the Qing Dynasty. Because talking and singing literature tightly related to the talking and singing arts, so it deteriorated with the art's extinction.