The History Of Hsia State

Abstract: Hsia state(夏国) was established by one branch of T'ie-fo Hsiun-nu which migrated from the north to the south during the period of the sixteen states. During its powerful and prosperous period its rough sphere of influence was equal to the north of shaanxi province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the mid-region of inner Mongolia.hsia state exist about 25 years from its establishment in 407A.D.to its destruction in 431A.D. But there is still special thesis on this regime stareed by ethnic minority. In this thesis ,the author try to make an overall and systematic study on this problem on the base of relevant study of forfarthers in traditionally historical ways and the method of other relevant subjects.The thesis is divided into six parts.The first part tells the formation of T'ie-fo Hsiun-nu and its early activities In late Eastern Han Dynasty ,One branch of Nan Hsiun-nu (南匈奴) led by Qu Bei (去卑) had migrated to inland.But his son-Liu Meng moved and settled to Yanmen (雁门) under the influence of ethnic policy of Center Empire. Later, he run away with his people to the North of Great Wall and mixed blood with Hsien-bei (鲜卑) , finally formed a new ethnic called "Tie-fo". Tie-fo Hsiun-nu gradually became a more powerful ethnic, his early activities was mainly to scramble for Northern Tai (代北) with Two-ba Hsien-bei( 拓跋鲜卑 ), but at last he han to escaped and settled down in the region of Shuo-fang (朔方) after failure for several times. In Shuo-fang he mable a close contact with other northern regime and continue to struggle with Two-ba Hsien-bei. Finally, his political centre was destroyed and his domination ended.The second part demonstrates the establishment and development of Hsia state. According to the situation of neighboring states in the north the author analyses the leason why Ho-lien bo-bo(赫连勃勃)staged a comeback after he returned shuo-fang. After the building of Hsia regime,Ho-lien bo-bo made a careful analysis of the situation at that time and inner condition of Hou-ch'in (后秦), fomulated a definite and feasible target ,namely the policy of "niblling" at northern territory of Hou-ch'in .Under the guidance of the policy, he finally occupied Chang'an (长安) which is the capital of Hou-ch'in ,after attacking more than teen years. Without choosing Chang'an as the capital unexpectedly he returned toTong Wan (统万 ) . The author explained the reason...