National Doctrine And Modern Chinese Literature

"Country" is formulated by common customs and does not have any sacred quality while the key theory of the National Doctrine, which insists, " the country is the highest" and requires that people should pay homage to " country" as a religion. The idea is theoretically blunt and intolerant. Literature is imaginary aesthetic art. If it expresses a kind of intolerant, blunt common customs and ideas, it will be awful and so a kind of so-called" literature of national doctrines"cannot exist certainly. So, this thesis is not a research of the thought of National Doctrine, or the research of the ideological trend of literature. Instead, it discusses what kind of role the national doctrine plays in forming and developing Modern Chinese Literature. Regarding the modernization of Chinese literature, people have studied deeply into it from each angle, but ignored the existence of doctrines so far. The thesis intends to prove that this is careless and further study the relation between National Doctrine and Modern Chinese Literature. It argues National Doctrine has exerted influence from three respects on Modern Chinese Literature: first, it have caused the prosperity of the novel publication in the last years of Manchu Dynasty; Second, it has gone with the tide of historical development and played a driving role in the modern transferring of the literature ideas unconsciously; the third, the national doctrine is shown among the literary works in different ways. Introduction deficits " National Doctrine", and determines the range and object of the research from the angle of literature, then summarizes the relations between Modern Chinese Literature and National Doctrine, and puts forward the basic train of thoughts and views. Chapter one " National Doctrine and literature in the last years of Manchu Dynasty discusses the influences that National Doctrine has on the literature from the following respects: publication, literary ideas, language, and literary works etc. National Doctrine exerts its influence on literature through this intermediary of newspapers, and the inherent logic is: National doctrine --Newspapers and periodicals –Literature (literature ideas, language, works). The newspapers are the tools by which Liang Qichao propagates National doctrine, and literature gradually comes out independently with the development of the newspapers. According to this logic, the chapter discussed how the National Doctrine facilitates the formulation of the" literature" view and" Chinese literature" ideas and finally analyses the color of national doctrine in" The future of China" and the influence on literature. Chapter two "The politicization of National Doctrine in 1920s: "Awaken Lion and Great River ". From " Say of juvenile China" and "Association of juvenile China "to " Awaken lion" and" Chinese Youth Party", the national doctrines are tending to politicization as a whole. Awaken Lion drifts away from literature and goes after education while. Great River has distinctive cultural orientation besides its political quality. " National opera movement"tries to reform the drama in order to rejuvenate the national culture and it is the continuity of Great River's literary activity. Gu Yuxiu's dramas and Wen Yiduo's poems have shown the thoughts of National doctrine in Great River. Gu expresses the idea of loyalty to country in drama, and Wen bridges National doctrine and the poem by symbol. The influence of Wen's poems is far-reaching. Chapter three "The cultural ideological trend of National Doctrine of 1940s: the association of ' Warring States' '", probes into the conduct of National Doctrine in the literature during the period of 1940s. The chapter mainly observes the relation between National Doctrine and " Warring states "from three aspects of historical philosophies, literary theory and works. After having distinguished " National Doctrine" and " Nationalism literature", it especially analyses the dramas by Chen Quan, which embody national doctrine too bluntly to fail. One of his works "Lan Hudie"succeeds just because he does not express national doctrine unconsciously. Conclusion puts forward the key points again.