The Research Of The Social Relief In Tang Dynasty And Five Dynasty Period

The dissertation mainly discusses the social relief in Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasty Period, which divides into five chapters besides preface altogether:Chapter I the social relief to the disadvantaged groups, which divides into the respects of supporting the olds, loving infants, rescuing women and helping the disabled persons etc. This part studies the relief and comfort to the disadvantaged groups at the aspects of government and non-government, and especially analyzes the non-government's function playing in it.Chapter II the social relief to the special groups. Regards Government officials, students and soldiers as the research object, study the relief to the special groups from the government in the aspects of official's salary, retired, levy, medical treatment and funeral, and non-government's function playing in the relief to the special groups.Chapter III the social relief to the disease, marriage and funeral . After researching the relieves to different groups in Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasty Period according to different classifications, this chapter chooses the three major issues in all one's life: disease, marriage, funeral to discuss the cases of relieves to common people by government and folk in this period.Chapter IV the Sheyi organizations and the social relief. Taking advantage of a large amount of documents on Sheyi in the Documents of Dunhuang and utilizing the official history materials simultaneously, this chapter discusses the relieves to the people in communities offered by Sheyi in the respects of funeral, building houses, marriage, travel, disease and security. Based on which, the analyses of the significance and historical limitation in the activities of folk relieves made by the Sheyi organizations were taken.Chapter V gens and affinity and the social relief. Choosing the social problems in the social relief such as raising the orphan, giving financial aids to students, relieving the poor, giving financial aids to funeral and marriage, combating natural disasters and aiding refugees, this chapter studies the detail problems between the gens and affinity and the social relief in Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasty Period, and also analyses the role that the gens and affinity play in the social relief.The governments of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasty Period mainly legalize the social relief in the form of laws and decrees, some of which form the institution gradually. In the respect of the organization of the social relief, the governments set up the relief organizations nation-wide for the first time—Bingfang, where the poverty and sick persons were specially relieved and helped, which provide great reference significance for the following governments after Song Dynasty who set up the similar relief organizations. In the condition that the government's function is very limited in relief of the society, the gens continue taking effect on the social relief in folk. The social relief in Tang Dynasty lacks the guarantee of the material and institution because it is still at spontaneous stage. The common people, therefore, often organized communities with persons who had different surnames in the home town. In this way they formed the organizations by means of relieving and helping the poor each other in order to supply the wants of the social relieves from the government and the gens.