British India Policy On Northwestern Frontier And The Border Crisis In Western China

In the years following Plassey, the opening of some sort of commercial and diplomatic relations with Tibet and the hinterland of western China had already become an object of East India Company policy. Since the age of Napoleon, France and Russia had carried threat to the British India' s northwestern frontier. Britain had been forced to establish a defensible northwestern border. Based on the changes of the Britain' s policy towards north-west frontier,this dissertation discusses the conflict and confrontation among China, Britain and Russia in the Himalayas, the Karakoram, the Pamir and analyses the causes.The dissertation consists of four chapters:The first chapter mainly illustrates the frontier policy that laid down by China—Anglo respectively have influence on Himalayan politics and the trade across the Himalayas in eighteenth century.The second chapter, which provides a backdrop to the study, north-west frontier policy undergo the major modifications in response to changing British perceptions of stategic or political needs in the first half ninteenth century.The third chapter, Pamir Triangle, focuses on expounding agreements between Britain and Russia, between China and Britain and between China and Russia on Pamir and their interaction.The fourth chapter, the conclusion, summarizes the peculiarity of British India policy on northwestern frontier, and its affect on China' s western border.