The Research Of Daoist Religion And Drama In Ming Dynasty And Qing Dynasty

In this paper, the important culture phenomena, such as the Integration of the Three Doctrines, the broadcasting of Moralistic Storybooks and the relationship between Daoist Magical Skills and drama are discussed as a whole. New explanation are given on the important dramatists and their works, such as Zhu Quan, Zhu Youdun, Tang Xianzu, Xu Wei, Ye Xiaowan; and discussions are also given to some of the topics, such as the drama about the Eight Immortals, the drama God and the Art of Daoqin.In Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty, Daoism became declining and weak. Although it had a transient resurgence in the middle period of Ming dynasty, the appearance of capitalism production relationships and the entrance of western science and technology pounded the ideology coming into being on the basis of thefeudal society economic -The Taoist religion. Leading a dissolute life, theleaders of Daoist religion lost honor and glory and their distinguished position in the past. Therefore , their prestige among the political circles and the common people were cut down. After undergoing thousands of years' development, The creeds and doctrines of Taoist religion seldom had innovation. Seeing on total, the Taoist religion presents an obvious declining sight.However, the Integration of the Three Doctrines came to such an extent that it was more mature and more turbulent comparing with that in the past. Just like thefigures in religious circles and academic circles, many dramatists had the thought of the Integration of the Three Doctrines, such as Wang Tingna, Tu Long, Tang Xianzu, Xu Wei, Zheng Zhizhen, Hong Sheng, Kong Shangren and so on. The Integration of the Three Doctrines and the mingling of the immortals and the Buddha were the fundamental features of the drama in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty. Among them, the Moralistic Storybooks widely disseminated in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty were the important ways to popularize the Taoist Religion. The Moralistic Storybooks were the significant carrier of the Taoist religious culture since Song and Ming dynasty. Just like drama, the Moralistic Storybooks was one kind of the significant means to maintain the structure of Chinese feudal society and the ethical sequence.The moralistic drama about the immortals in Ming dynasty followed the way of that in Yuan dynasty, and started the transmutation in the themes and the sorts which turned from angry about the society to holding Daoism in high esteem. This turning manifested in the dramatists such as Jia Zhongming and Gu Zijing who lived in the age of changing dynasties from Yuan to Ming. The moralistic drama about the immortals in Qin dynasty inherited the sprit of criticism towards the society. Depressed and discontented , dramatists had unrecognized talents their ideal was not spread out unfold. Therefore their works expressed the passive idea of renunciation of family. But comparing with the works of Yuan, the dramatists in Qing dynasty was not so cynical but gave more dreary moans.The tales of marvels about Taoist religion in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty are divided into two great types in this paper. One type is to express the Taoist religion feelings aiming at propagating the Taoist religion creed which expressing the religious solicitude; taking the Taoist religion tale and the Taoist religion imagery as the shell, another type has the idea to express the worldly feeling, which bases on the affirmation of life and men and women's sexual relations in Daoist creed.The Daoqin Art is one kind of the old-age Taoist religion art which is still prevalent in this day. This paper investigates the progress of forming and developing of the Daoqin Art, the drama of Daoqin Art in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty, andEmphasizes to analyze the drama of Daoqin Art in the North of Shan Xi province which can take as a representation in the drama of Daoqin Art.The Eight Immortals is the most favorable in the Taoist religion deity group. The tale of the "Eight Immortals" circulates very early. Until the middle period of Ming dynasty, the tale fell into a pa...