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See And Recognize

Posted on:2005-08-03Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Z W PanFull Text:PDF
GTID:1115360125467394Subject:Marxist philosophy
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The undertaker of knowledge is real individual by existence of human. But we can't believe that real individual is the subject of cognition, because knowledge is spirit action. The subject of cognition exists as oneness of cognitive faculty.If we want to define the quality of cognitive subject, we must review from where we find out the being of cognitive subject at first. Descartes corroborated the existence of ego from the fact of consciousness, viz. cogito ergo sum. He defined cognitive subject as soul substance that is far from matter substance, and reason out attributes according to the quality of consciousness. Kant denied the way of Descartes, and intituled it as the paralogism of pure reason. Kant neither considered that we could find out the cognitive subject from natural being or thought, because he considered that it was an intellectuality being. The quality of ego obeyed to a priori moral law by Kant. In fact, Kant opened a door for understanding ego from society. German philosophers after Neo- Kantian defined human from society and history, but they dissevered the relationship between human and nature. So history became a significant being that couldn't be recognized clearly. This definition about human quality was relativism. Hegel and Marx had gone across another way. They studied human among the unity of human and nature. Marx considered that the essence of man was "the ensemble of social relations "in its actuality and must be find from the unity which be world . But, what is the world? Kant understood world as the totality of natural beings, and claimed that we couldn't get the concept of absolute whole. German philosophers in modern time believed that world being as spirit and was a historical world in nature. They got in the circle of hermeneutics and got the result that significance world couldn't be recognized. All of result based on that they studied world only from humankind. Marxism philosophy researches the oneness of world from social production, which is a correct view. Marxism accepts the relativity of world as well as the absoluteness. World is neither a totality of natural beings nor a pure significance being it is an inborn unity of significance-nature among human practice. We can get the significance structure of world in certain times, but the significances of world are unlimited at the same time. It is a process to recognize or understand the significances of world in nature. Now, we arrive in ontology from epistemology unwarily. We need go back epistemology in next. Ego is in a certain world like real individual living in a historical world, but this world is a significance world which being in thinking. Every ego has his special world that decides the quality of ego. I.e. human is a limited being or a potentiality-for-being in thrownness according to Heidegger. So no one has pure thinking but fills of many facts in his mind. We can believe that ego base on its world knowledge to recognise. This world knowledge is the ego horizon that is made up of various prejudices that are received in most times or obtained from thinking real living on the base of thought resources which had being here. How can a limited ego transcend its limit to recognize the whole world in which it exists? Hans-Georg Gadamer denied this probability, he only requested us to understand or project new meanings of life constantly based on prejudices. This view came from his concept about world history. We consider that world is knowable unlike Gadamer. But, we must have correct method in first if we want to grasp at the concept of whole world. This method is dialectics. The dialectic-thinking model must be formed on prejudices, it be obtained by studying the history of philosophy mostly. In fact, dialectic view of world is also a prejudice to a limited ego. The knowledge about world objectivity isn't the finally end to ego. At the same time, the objectivity doesn't mean the same thing to every one because of the paradoxical quality of world self.Now, we should think about our end to gras...
Keywords/Search Tags:prejudice, knowledge, world, freedom
PDF Full Text Request
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