Wu Deng Hui Yuan Function Words

The article makes a research on the particles originated from the Mediaeval Ages or Tang Dynasty in Wu Deng Hui Yuan (五灯会元), especially on the adverb, preposition and conjunction in this book.There are three characteristic aspects about these three kinds of particles in this book. First, one word has multiple entries, for example, ZhiDe(直得) can be used as both adverb and conjunction, and as for its conjunction part, it can be divided into the three usages: if, although and so that. Second, one meaning can be expressed bymultiple words, such as ZhiXu(直须), XuShi (须是), YingXu(应须),DaXu(大须), QieXu(切须), QieXu(且须), ZhiDe(直得) can be used to indicate the emphasis. Third, the majority of these three kinds of particles are composed of double syllable, especially in the adverb part and conjunction part. Among the 60 adverbs being discussed, there are 29 double-syllabled adverbs. It's more obvious in conjunction. Among 45 conjunctions being discussed, there are 32 double-syllabled conjunctions. It's the consequences affected by the multiple-syllabled trend since the Mediaeval Ages.After the research, we find out some new particles and new entries of some particles that has been omitted by Han Yu Da Ci Dian (汉语大词典). We also find out earlier derivation of some particles, date some particles back to the earlier ages. All these findings can make up for the loss of Han Yu Da Ci Dian (汉语大词典)...