Western Tradition Of Metaphysics, The Existence And Marx's Philosophical Revolution

The twentieth century, a century of cataclysm , is a turning point for philosophy, which evolve from the calamity of the age and its people's reflexion. The turning of contemporary philosophy betides in this atmosphere of spirit life. However, the reflexion and critique on traditional philosophy did not start until the very coming of the twentieth century, in this sense Marx is beyond doubt its forerunner and his thoughts can be served as an important source in the study of contemporary philosophy.To present the contemporary significance of Marx's thoughts is a key thesis of the front scope of philosophical study of contemporary Marxism, and to expose the fundamental character of Marx's thoughts is the fundamental basis of discussing and bringing forth the contemporary significance of Marx's thoughts. Therefore, my dissertation aims to explore the fundamental character of Marx's thoughts which is basal thesis in the philosophical scope.The fundamental character of Marx's thoughts represent itself dramatically in the thoroughly criticism of the traditional western philosophy, and its fundamental symbol is the revelation of the existential basis of life world. So, in the process of explaining the fundamental significance of Marx's thoughts, this dissertation resolves around the evolving clue of young Marx's probing into the process of the origin and growth of Marx's existential ontological revolution, and holds the existential ontological analyses of the start of historical materialism, that is, the realistic individual as the finally result.Marxian critique of traditional metaphysics roots in the exposition of the earthborn basis of metaphysics. Accordingly, revealing the essence of western traditional philosophy is the basis of displaying the significance of Marx's thoughts. So, to begin with, this dissertation thoroughly analyzes the metaphysical ontological basis of western philosophy, especially of modern philosophy by linking up with the fundamental meaning of the turning of contemporary philosophy. Since Modern philosophy is based on the western ancient philosophy, its essential representation of this accomplishment is the establishment ofmetaphysical ontology of self-consciousness. Thus, taking the thoroughly insight into the ontological basis of the western philosophy as its background, the dissertation makes an attempt to make people understand the fundamental significance of Marx's thoughts which has acquired revolutionary achievement in the aspect of ontology.The revelation of any theory itself and its contemporary significance should be on the basis of its historical narration. Based on the exposition of the essence of metaphysical ontology of western traditional philosophy, the scrutiny of the relation between young Marx and Hegelian philosophy, and the Marxian critique of Hegel's philosophy of right as well as of the critique of political economy and so on, this dissertation attempts to reveal the process gradually in which the fundamental principle of Marx's thoughts, namely sensuous objective activity is put forward. Furthermore, sensuous and objective activity will be centered on, and finally illustrates the existential ontological significance of the material productive activity of the realistic individual which serves as the basis of theory of historical materialism, and thus to present the essential distinction in the aspect of ontology between historical materialism and western traditional philosophy consequently.