Studies On Economy And Politics Of Modern Times Of Dai Nationality Of Xishuangbanna (1840-1949)

In this thesis, the author guided by historical materialism, took ways of history, ethnology, political economy, political science and sociology, made a systematic research on the economy and political affairs of 1840-1949 of Dai of Xishuangbanna. It is a new attempt in studies of Xishuangbanna. I emphatically expounded economical and political system of modern times, changes of system of organization in the Republic of China and the reasons of a long-standing of the Feudal Lord System.Xishuangbanna is an important region inhabited by the Dai nationality. The people of nationalities of Xishuangbanna were confronted with threaten of aggression of the Western big powers since 1840. The Dai people further experienced that they to be bound together in a common fate with the whole Chinese nation. At the same time, productive forces of Dai society were developing slowly.Since 17th century, the economic formation of feudal landlord of Yunnan inland Dai had held a leading role after the reform of formal officers replacing national headmen of the Qing Dynasty. But owing to some reasons, lord system of Dai of Xishuangbanna was also developing. Economical, political and social administrative system of feudal lords of this region became more perfect and tight. It forcefully ensured the political power of lord class. The external shape of Dai lords system economic of Xishuangbanna was the rural commune. But it was alienated completely a kind of tool that defended the economical leadership of lords. There were some economical seeds of feudal landlord and a few of wage labor processing workshops, commercial capital produced in the Dai society of modern times' Xishuangbanna in different levels. These seeds were growing slowly and attached themselves tightly to the strong feudal lord economic.In the early days of the Republic of China, the Administrative General Bureau of Pusi Borderland established in Xishuangbanna. Meanwhile, new administrative divisions were set up in this region. At 1927, Xishuangbanna was divided into a certain number counties. The reform of local system had some positive effect. But it was not the reform of formal officers replacing national headmen and was a kind of cooperation of both of them. The economic formation of serfdom was not changed by the agency of formal officers. The cooperation of formal officers and national headmen made the burden and suffering of people of nationalities heavier and heavier, wrecked the normal developing course of produce power, obstructed the progress of Dai society, continued the rule of feudal lords. And it also aroused the resistance of Dai people many times.The reasons of a long-standing of the feudal lord system of Dai ofXishuangbanna reflected in several aspects. The productive forces were wrecked by foreign aggressor troops over three centuries from the Ming Dynasty. Plentiful farm produce laid a foundation of the feudal lord system. The egalitarianism of remaining primitive rural commune mitigated the class contradictions. The heavy feudal burden destroyed latent productive capacity of laborers. And side effect of local religion also was one of the reasons.