Life·Art·Intuition

Bergson is a well-known aesthetician of life in the history of modern Western aesthetics, his aesthetics of life played an important role in the Western aesthetic transition from tradition to modern, playing attention of life, art and intuition is the main spirit of his aesthetics. The early twentieth century, because of his important position in the history of Western modern philosophy, he were found by Enlightenment scholars, and was introduced to China in the wave of western culture transfer to eastern. When Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and others regarded his thought as anti-traditional tools, Liang Qichao, Zong Baihua and other pioneers of modern aesthetics have also realized that Bergson's aesthetics fit with their spirit, but also its existence has some similarities with traditional Chinese aesthetics, so they were affected and enlightenment naturally, and permeated his thoughts into their own aesthetic theory construction, made the Chinese noumenon theory of modern aesthetics, artistic creation and aesthetic experience both to contain a spirit of Bergson's life aesthetic.Bergson, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche's life aesthetics leaded the trend in modern Chinese aesthetics. But Bergson's view of life is different from the pessimism of Schopenhauer's life, but also from Nietzsche's Dionysian spirit of the Sun God, he regarded life as art, giving it spirit of struggling and creating. Liang puted forward life interesting, thinked real life is fun life; Zong Baihua and Zhu Guangqian liked Bergson regard life as art, and believed to establish the art of life, treating life like a treat treatment of art, this life be sure wonderful; Zhang Jingsheng drew up a plan how develop beautiful life; Lu Cheng started from the beauty consider life to be a broad art and beauty of life is true life. Their life aesthetics were all more or less affected and revelated Bergson life aesthetics, but they have different emphasis each other, and explained life from different places. They taked part beauty and art in life, aesthetic edification, enhance vitality and beautify the life state, it is spirit of turning life into art which contain influence of the Enlightenment specifically for the modern Chinese personality, potential weakness of human nature, constitutes a prominent modern Chinese aesthetics ontology the spirit of the tradition, ethical features and the negative orientation of traditional aesthetics has played down, the position of life, emotion and personality was strengthened in aesthetics.Bergson's aesthetic thought contains many of the art interpretation, in his view, art is same to life, the process of creating art is the process of life, it only can be embody life. The artistic life of the spirit effected creation theory of modern Chinese art, many people went beyond the traditional utilitarian view for understanding of the nature of art, and thinked art is the product of individual life, thus opened the era of conscious art. Zong Baihua combined Bergson's life aesthetics to the traditional view of life, and proposed the creation of art is the view of life on this basis; When Lu Xun translated Chuchuanbaicun's "symbol of depression", he contacted Bergson's aesthetics of life, and delimited the nature of art as a symbol of vitality in his revelation, life force is moving in the up on the road; Guo Moruo and Liu Haisu analyzed the nature of art respectively from poetry and painting, Guo Moruo thinked nature of poetry is rhythm of life, Liu Haisu believed that painting is pure expression of individual life; Yu Dufu as same as Zong was a member of the create community, he also learned the art of the life of Bergson idea to think art is the expression of Life.Theory of aesthetic experience is an important part of aesthetic theory, Bergson's intuition is a kind of aesthetic experience, and it contains life movement, and is a method which grasps the depth of life inside. It runs through the whole process of life, as long as life exists, the intuition exist. Ancient China have no "intuitive" word, its original source is Japanese scholars'of translation of the "intuition", but after aesthetic life of Henri Bergson came into China, the "intuition" came into modern aesthetics truly, his "Intuition" made Chinese Aesthetic Appreciation from the traditional "Intuition" to modern "intuition", and expanding the field from aesthetic activity to the life spheres of life. We all know, Croce's intuition is a great impact for Zhu Guangqian, however, he have learned intuition of Bergson before Croce, and used Bergson's thought to oppose the the theory of Croce, and Bergson's life aesthetics was introduced into China compare Croce is earlier decade. Except Zhu Guangqian, the Liang Qichao, Lu Cheng, Guo Moruo, Liu Haisu and so on, who are impacted by Bergson's theory of intuition differently. Liang Qichao's "emotional" doctrine, Lu Cheng's "pure see" are similar for the "intuitive" nature. Zhu Guangqian's "aesthetic intuition" is based on directly the theory of Bergson intuition. Guo Moruo and Liu Haisu also explained poem and paint from intuition, Guo Moruo thought intuition is the most important factor for creaction of poem, but Liu Haisu believed that paint is all intuition. Chinese Modern aesthetics and Philosophy accepted Bergson to show different states, the Modern aesthetics is no utilitarian acceptance. but Philosophy is utilitarian. Because the Enlightenment philosophers regarded Henri Bergson's theory as a tool, it was put away quickly. On the contrary. his aesthetics impacted to Chinese Aesthetics deeply and lastly. It is only to be surpassed and cover naturally in the aesthetics of the development process, but also surface sometime. Bergson Aesthetics appear this status. In the 20th century Chinese aesthetics, when the Chinese modern aesthetics transmit the transition to a new period of the 80s aesthetic, it also faintly exists in the post-aesthetic theory and literary practice.