| "Chang-Pu", a famous traditional Chinese medicine, has been used as a sigestan, an expectorant and as a stimulant against digestive disorders, diarrhea and epilepsy. Chang-Pu rhizome extracts have shown anticonvulsive, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, immunosuppressive, and insulin releasing and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Previous chemical studies on the essential oil of Acorus species led to the isolation of a series of phenylpropanes and sesquiterpenes. Some of these components are found to have neuroprotective effects.Morus cathayana, which belongs to the genus Morus of Moraceae, grow in many provinces of China. The root bark of them was a substitute of'Sang-Bai-Pi'-the root bark of M. alba, which was an important medicinal material in traditional Chinese medicine. Many bioactive compounds were isolated from the plants of Morus. Phenol compounds, which were the main composition of the alcohol soluble part, showed antihypertension, antivirus, antibacterial, antifungi, antioxidation, antiinflammation, and anticancer activities.By means of chromatographic and spectroscopic technologies as well as chemical methods, A. tatarinowii Schott and M. cathayana were studied systemically in chemistry and related bioassays.Twenty seven compounds including eleven new compounds were isolated, purified and identified from 95% ethanol extract of the rhizomes of A. tatarinowii. They were identified as follows:tatarinan A (1*), tatarinan B (2*), tatarinan C (3*), tatarinan D (4*), tatarinan F (5*), tatarinan G (6*), tatarinan E (7*), tatarinan H (8*), tatarinan I (9*), tatarinan J (10*), tatanone A (11*), diasarone 1 (12), galgravin (13), eudesmin (14), a-asarone (15),β-asarone (16), cis-methylisoeugenol (17), methyleugenol (18), asaronealdehyde (19), acoramone (20), y-asarone (21),5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehy-de (22), calamusenone (23), acoronene (or 4-acoren-3,8-dione,24),2-acetyloxyacoro-nene (25), acoronone (26). Among the known compounds, one compound (12) was isolated from the genus Acorus and the plant for the first time, and three compounds (24-26) were isolated from A. tatarinowii for the first time.Three compounds 2*,3*, and 4* showed moderate anticancer activity to five human cancer cell lines (A549, BeI-7402, BGC-823, HCT-8, A2780) with IC50 ranging from 3.92-7.93μg/mL. In addition, two components,13 and 21 are found to have neuroprotective effects.The tatarinans A-G represent the first class of C8-C7' linked lignans, since a series of C8-C7'linked lignans have not been reported as yet. C8-C7' linked lignans are extremely rare; to the best of our knowledge only one true C8-C7'linked lignans, megacerotonic acid, had been reported thus far. Seven lignans linked C8-C7' were isolated from A. tatarinowii. Biogenetically, the tatarinans are assumed to be related to each other. The tatarinans therefore constitute a new subtype of lignan, extending the molecular diversity. Tatarinans C-D (3*-4*) possess a unprecedented spirodienone skeleton that is a significant intermediate in biosynthesis of lignan and lignin in plants. Remarkably, this is first report of an X-ray structure of the spirodienone sesquilignan. The discovery of tatarinans provides us a new insight into the biosynthesis of lignans, and will be of great value for future research on lignan and lignin. In addition, tatarinan F, and tatarinans H-I were characterized by coupling between a C6-C3 unit in a lignan and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde. This is first report of this kind of hybrid lignans.Thirty seven compounds including ten new compounds had been isolated from 95 % ethanol extract of the stem bark of Morus cathayana. They were identified as follows:cathafuran A (MC1*), cathafuran B (MC2*), cathafuran C (MC3*), cathafuran D (MC4*), Cathayanin A (MC5*), Cathayanon F (MC6*), Cathayanon G (MC7*), Cathayanon H (MC8*), Cathayanon I (MC9*), Cathayanon J (MC10*), cathayananin A (MC11), cathayananin B (MC12), mongolicin C (MC13), sanggenon O (MC14), sanggenon Q (MC15), sanggenon L (MC16), sanggenon G (MC17), sanggenon A (MC18), isolicoflavonol (MC19), quercetin (MC20), dihydromorin (MC21), glyasperin F (MC22), licoisoflavanone (MC23), broussoflavonol F (MC24), lespedezaflavanone C (MC25), sanggenol B (MC26), sanggenol D (MC27),3',4,5'-trihydroxy-4'-gerarylstilbene (MC28), mulberrofuran V (MC29), artoindonesianin X (MC30), moracin I (MC31), mulberofuran N (MC32), demethylmoracin I (MC33), dihydrokaempferol (MC34), noratocarpanone (MC35), betulinic acid (MC36), Macrourin D (MC37). Among these compounds, ten compounds were new. Among the known compounds, one compound (MC30) was isolated from the genus Morus and the plant for the first time, and three compounds (MC22, MC24, MC25) were isolated from Morus cathayana for the first time.Compounds MC1*, MC3*, MC7*, MC9*, MC11, MC18, MC19, MC24, MC26, MC28, MC29, MC30, MC31, MC32, showed moderate anticancer activity to five human cancer cell lines (A549, Bel-7402, BGC-823, HCT-8, A2780) with IC50 ranging from 0.10-9.70μg/mL. Two compounds, MC2* and MC29, inhibited the production of the lipid peroxide induced by Fe2+-Cys system in the liver microsomal obviously at a concentrate of 1.0μg/ml, and the inhibitory rates of MC2* and MC29 were 109% and 120%, respectively. On the pharmacological model of release ofβ-glucuronidase from rat PMNs induced by PAF, MC29 was revealed the antiinflammation activity with the inhibitory rates more than 50% at a concentration of 10-5mol/L. Keywords:Acorus tatarinowii; Morus cathayana; Chemical constituents; Bioactivities...
|
PDF Full Text Request