The Study On Idea Of The Acupuncture-Moxibustion Theory And Conception In HUANGDINEIJING

HUANGDINEIJING is the symbol of theory maturity in acupuncture-moxibustion,where most essential points of acupuncture-moxibustion were discussed.While the study on classic theory of acupuncture-moxibustion was very weak,especially the systemic study on the classic conception was seldom. Therefore,this paper took the classic theory and conception of acupuncture-moxibustion in HUANGDINEIJING as research objects,tried to interpret the principles of their construction and evolution.Part One of this paper selected eight conceptions to do specific microstudy.In the 1st segment of Part One,how ancients had been understanding meridians in the initial stage of meridian construction,and their cognitive methodology were discussed.And it was concluded that,tangible anatomy and observation are morphologic basis in the construction of meridian conception;besides,concretely methods occupied an important place in the early stage of Chinese medicine.Thus, ancients compared the meridians with earth-channels self-consciously,and the conception of meridian-water was constructed.All of this helped us to recognize the nature of meridians correctly.In the 2nd segment of Part One,the paper took Governor Vessel as an example to interpret the nomenclature origin of meridians.And it was concluded that,the initial meaning of Governor Vessel only referred to the meridian on midline of the spine,with no sense of "govern or command".Similar to that,the nomenclature meaning of eight extra meridians and twelve meridians is also perceptual and intuitionistic.The development of conceptions will be a progressive procedure in meaning expansion and transformation.In the 3rd segment of Part One,the origin of Chan-needle was analyzed.On the basis of that,the acupuncture therapeutic idea of dredging the meridians was traced back.And it was concluded that,Chan refers to the sharp metal tool with two ends, one end is to acupuncture the meridians for doctors,and the other is to plough the soil.Because of the morphological similarity between the meridians and earth-channels,the internal relationship also exists between acupuncturing the meridians and ploughing the soil.Furthermore,the therapeutic idea of dispelling Yang-Qi also has the similarity with the idea of dredging earth-Qi in cultivating.So it can be deduced that,the therapeutic idea of dredging the meridians has something with cultivation idea.In the 4th segment of Part One,the thinking origin of acupuncture reinforcing-reducing theory was discussed.To reinforce and to reduce form a unity of opposites in ancient ideas,that was regarded as the essence of nature.And it has deeply influenced the therapeutic idea of reinforcing the deficiency and reducing the excess in Chinese medicine.In the 5th segment of Part One,the origin of inducing-Qi manipulation was traced back.The goal of inducing Qi is to control the disorders,which is regarded as the important principle in treating diseases with acupuncture.In the 6th segment of Part One,the construction and change of dispelling pathogenic Qi in acupuncture were expounded by analyzing the origin of conserving Qi-movement.Wizards dispel ghosts,military commanders fight their enemies, doctors treat diseases with needle,these three have relativity in tools used and the idea of dispelling evils.But with the development of initial natural viewpoint,the aetiology that ghosts and evils result in diseases was abandoned gradually,which was substituted by pathogenic theory of six climatic factors.Correspondingly, conserving qi-movement changed to a kind of needle manipulation with real clinical meaning.In the 7th segment of Part One,the origin of waiting for qi in acupuncture was studied.For Qi and wind belong to the same category,the places where wind goes out,enters,resides are the acupoint location.So it can be concluded that,the conception of waiting for Qi has something with the idea of Qi and wind.In the 8th segment of Part One,the construction process of keeping mind was elaborated.Mind has three meanings,change,principle and administration,here the mind refers to CHANGE.To keep mind refers to experience the pulse situation by pulse-taking,so as to judge the deficiency and excess of Qi and blood.In part Two of the paper,firstly,classic acupuncture-moxibustion theory was discussed conclusively;then,the evolution rules of medical conceptions and terminology were analyzed in detail.In the 1st segment of Part Two,four key conception ideas of classic acupuncture-moxibustion theory,meridians,acu-points,disease origin and acupuncture treatment,were summarized.In the 2nd segment of Part Two,the basic principles in the construction of acupuncture-moxibustion theory and conceptions were summarized further,which was called as the essence of nature.To follow it was the starting point of ancients' thinking,just the same as that in the early stage of the construction of medical theory.In the 3rd segment of Part Two,the process that generic attitudes and vocabularies were transformed in medical language situations and the process that vocabularies and attitudes were given new meanings gradually,because of language situation's change and further annotations during different dynasties.change were elaborated.It can be seen that,the ideas lying in acupuncture-moxibustion theory and conceptions had preserved continuity with general ideas in ancient times.In the early stage of construction of medical theory and conceptions,many important conceptions in acupuncture-moxibustion theory,e.g.keeping mind,conserving Qi-movement,reinforcing-reducing and inducing-Qi,had been influenced deeply by, and maintained manifold links with social attitudes in early stage,especially such a general conception as entity of nature,human body,and society.However,after their construction,acupuncture-moxibustion theory and conceptions had been re-understood and annotated again and again.This process had no sooner started than classic theory and conceptions were constructed in HUANGDINEIJING. Precisely speaking,once the language situation of conception changed,its meanings will change along with it;and until now,it still was. Against the wide nonmedical background,the paper selected the existing nonmedical literatures as the evidence to develop the microstudy on acupuncture-moxibustion conceptions with many research approaches,e.g.philology, historiography,and hermeneutics,etc.Furthermore,the author studied the construction ideas of acupuncture-moxibustion theory and conceptions systematically.The paper has some innovativeness whether in research approaches, or research contents and angles.The value of paper lies in the following aspects.Firstly,it is the need to interpret the classic theory of acupuncture-moxibustion correctly;secondly,it is the need to express the classic theory of acupuncture-moxibustion with modern styles; thirdly,it is the need of acupuncture-moxibustion self-development in academic history;fourthly,it will provide relative evidence for research on acupuncture-moxibustion experiences and clinic.