Metabolic Syndrome Among Hypertensive Population In Rural Areas And Ecg Qtc, Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (ghsr) Gene Polymorphism Association Studies

Objectives To compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to National Cholesterol Education Program ATPIII (NCEP), AHA/NHLBI revised-NCEP (the revised-NCEP) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition and to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease and stroke in patients with hypertension.Methods In the Cross-section study, cluster sampling method was used. Three metabolic syndrome definitions were validated in 5348 hypertensive patients aged 40-75 years in rural areas in China.Results In subjects with hypertension, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 14%, 32.9%, and 27.4% in men; 35.6%, 53.1%, and 50.2% in women by NCEP, the revised-NCEP and IDF definition.The coincident rate percent was 94.4% in men, and 97.0% in women between revised NCEP and IDF definition. The IDF-defined metabolic syndrome was more strongly associated with coronary heart disease than the NCEP and revised NCEP defined metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio: 1.92 [1.26-2.92] versus 1.85 [1.13-3.03] and 1.69 [1.12-2.56] in men; 1.64 [1.29-2.10] versus 1.48 [1.16-1.87] and 1.60 [1.25-2.05] in women), however, be weakly or not associated with stroke in the patients with hypertension.Conclusion In the patients with hypertension, the revised NCEP and IDF definition could identify more individuals with metabolic syndrome than did NCEP definition, and their accordance rate is very high. The IDF-defined metabolic syndrome seems to be more strongly associated with coronary heart disease than dose the NCEP and revised NCEP defined metabolic syndrome, however, be weakly or not associated with stroke. Background Prolongation of corrected QT interval (QTc) increases morbidity and mortality, the QTc has been found to be longer in persons with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls.Purpose We hypothesized that metabolic syndrome might contribute risk to prolongation of QTc. The hypothesis was tested in a large population.Methods A total of 5815 individuals (men 1950, aged from 20 to 80 years) were enrolled. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the revised NCEP-ATPIII. QTcB was calculated by using Bazett's and QTcF by Fridericia equation, corrected JT interval (JTc) was derived by subtracting the QRS duration from the QTaB. All individuals had echocardiography and blood test.Results Individuals with metabolic syndrome had longer QTc and JTc than those without metabolic syndrome (439.84ms vs. 430.90 ms in men, 456.37ms vs. 445.17 ms in women respectively P<0.001 using Bazett formula). The more the number of abnormal metabolic parameters were, the longer QTc was. Strend analysis indicated that QTcB, QTcF and JTc were significantly correlated to the number of abnormal metabolic parameters both in men and in women. After adjusted for conventional risk factors, QTcB, QTcF and JTc remained to be negatively associated with serum potassium concentration and positively associated with ventricular septal thickness.Conclusion Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for prolonged QTc which increases with the development of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistence and myocardial hypertrophy may contribute to prolonged QTc. Background The ghrelin plays an important role in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Therefore, the ghrelin receptor gene is an excellent candidate to study for metabolic syndrome.Aim In the present study, we investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human ghrelin receptor gene with metabolic syndrome in Chinese.Methods A case control study, including 698 patients (aged 41 to 80 years) diagnosed with metabolic syndrome using IDF 2005 criteria and 762 age-and-sex matched controls, were conducted. Genotyping of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (two in promoter and one in intron) were performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Chi-Square test was used to compare the genotype distributions between two groups, and the logistic regression was used to analyze the contribution of gene variant to metabolic syndrome and its components.Results The frequency of the rs2922126 A/A genotype in promoter was higher in female metabolic syndrome group than in female control group (25.1% vs. 18.1%, P<0.05); and the rs2922126 A/A genotype was associated with female metabolic syndrome (adjusted OR, 95%CI: 1.41, 1.03-1.94). Further analysis in subgroups showed that it was associated with increased female waist circumference (1.75, 1.26-2.42) and higher female fast blood sugar (1.49, 1.07-2.06). Rs509030 A/A genotype was associated with lower female high density lipoprotein (1.37, 1.02-1.84).Conclusion single nucleotide polymorphisms in GHSR gene have some effects on obesity, glycometabolism and lipid metabolism in women, which suggests that they may be involved in progress of female metabolic syndrome.