| The rapid development of ART changed the process of human reproduction from the traditional way of total natural principle control to the modern way of mainly natural principle restrain assisting with technical methods. It helped millions of people who suffered from infertility to achieve pregnancy or effectively stopped some pregnancy with genetic diseases. At the meantime, it raised questions on ethical and moral issues that challenge the human reproductive tradition. Related laws, regulations on ethical principle of ART have been built up, with variations from one country to another, by governments based on their backgrounds of religions, beliefs and cultures but need to be perfected with the development of ART. Therefore, it is extremely important for ART clinicians to practice with cautious towards beneficial conflict and ethical issues to ensure that they are making contribution for social development without any negative impact. This study focuses on the organization of governance committee of ART.We start with the comparison of domestic and international ART ethical regulations with reviewing the history of ethical governance systems in China, Europe and the United States of America to estimate the contribution of ethical governance in ART centers. By discussing the relationship between the technical innovation of biomedicine and the development of scientific technology and ethical morality, we reached the following new viewpoints: the innovation of biomedicine is a necessary stage of scientific development and ART is the outcome of biomedicine innovation. ART has its scientific innovation and social compliance although these contemporary advanced technologies bring about tremendous challenges into human society and raised a series of social ethical and legal issues, As long as, and only if we make great effort, to ovoid any possible potential negative effect, we can surely utilize its advancement to bring benefit to human beings.Secondly, we discussed ART related ethical issues by reviewing its general concept and brief history of development with bioethical viewpoints and then evaluated the necessity of ethical governance in ART centers during ART application. This led us to reach the following conclusions about the organization guarantee, application methods, specific measures and value personification of ethical governance:â‘ An independent decision-making ethics committee for ART ethical supervision is the organization guarantee of ART ethical governance.â‘¡A reinforced supervision of medical ethics is necessary to strengthen constraint capability of good morality;â‘¢The actual embodiment of ART ethical governance is to fully implement consummate informed consentFinally, we analyzed some typical clinical cases to explore problems that medical staff may face frequently in ART research and clinical practice. We also discussed the methods on case analysis, question identification and highlight differentiation when ART centers confront ethical puzzles followed by our own proposals on how to apply ethical principle and methods in decision process to ensure the correct operation and development of ART centers. As an important part of biomedical technology ART has been used to serve our society although there is debate between many views on its technical value, ethics issues and its potential influence on the society due to the differences among concepts of value and lacking of definite prediction of future development of human society. As long as we insist on the principle guidelines of medical ethics, bring the ethical management function of ART ethics committee into full play, strengthen ethical consultation and supervision during IVF treatment process and carry out actual informed consent, we can guarantee accords with good morality and people's benefits with active and revolutionary significance. |
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