| In the modern agricultural production, agricultural production and agricultural technology development is not only to improve crop yield per unit as the goal, must improve the cultivation measures, improve soil rainfall, fertilizer, make full use of natural rainfall to developing dry land agriculture, build good agriculture ecological environment, sustainable development, the harmonious development of the socialistic new agriculture.The western half arid area of Liaoning province, the nature condition is bad, short of water seriously, the fertility of soil is scarce, and the ability of holding water is poor,which belongs to "rain keeps the agriculture" and eating relies to the weather. In these no irrigate and dry area, improvement of farming measure and improving the fatty ability and rain absorbed of the soil is an important path to develop dry land agriculture.Cultivation deep scarification Technology can adapt water and also break up the layers of soil. This study combines research project of "agriculture conservation cultivation experimental study in the west region of Liaoning Province" from the Agriculture Ministry, Spacing and subsoiling the crops in fields before rains, to make the soil has the structure of virtual and solid, which not only satisfied the need of stored water in arid areas, makes the soil absorbed water well, and satisfied the need of crops to absorb "water, fertility, gas, heat ", but also breaks the firm plowed layers, accelerating the root system of crop, realizes protecting water, protecting soil, protecting fertility, protecting environment, promoting sustainable development of agriculture.This dissertation mainly tests and studies carried in field of "China's 863 items" in Ta-ben Zha-lan town of Fu xin county of Liaoning province with 1HS-1.2 cultivation deep tillage machine, and improves it's structure.Main research fruit:1,Through the survey of the natural climatic conditions of area of west of Liaoning and existing problem of cultivation in these days, and put forward delamination tillage operation principle. Put forward a hierarchical subsoiling mechanism, namely the upper front shovel loose, loose soil layer after the shovel, in order to chaos, agrarian soil bulk moderate and deep loosening parts in topsoil without block overhead, upper and lower layer are not reversed, surface soil, subsoil position unchanged, field soil in situ curing.2,The subsoiler shank soil dynamics analysis of deep loosening shovel head finite element analysis, a shovel handle of the embedded part adopts arc-shaped shovel column, connected with the shovel head office with the horizontal plane 23 degrees tangential excessive; deep loosening shovel head up the earth angle alpha, is generally 20 degrees, in which the wings shovel the soil at an angle of 17 degrees 20'and 19 degrees 30' feet, shovel soil angle of 13 degrees 20'. In this condition, deep loosening shovel maximum stress and deformation value in the allowable strain and allowable stress range, namely the structure stiffness and structure strength meet the allowable requirements.3,Replacement of the shovel head, adjust the plowing depth, regulation of n=two subsoiler distance, measured by orthogonal test under different conditions of soil deep loosening after traction resistance, the upper and lower groove width, record the data, using orthogonal test to level method were analyzed by variance analysis, and in the light of agronomy knowledge, the best type of front shovel shovel, shovel for duck after small chisel shovel shovel, and the distance between 700mm, cultivating depth to reach 30cm, for the cultivation of DeepDigging tools for optimization and improvement to provide further theoretical basis.4,With farm test of 1HS-1.2 cultivation tillage machine, and on scene take a sample to test before and after being deep tillage, then carrying soil experiment, measuring content of water dropping from 19.5% to 17.6% in 10-20cm, and rising from 21.1% to 24.6% in 20-30cm, and rising from 28.3% to 32.4% in 30-40cm.And solid degree drop from 128.5N/cm3 to 103.2N/cm3.It is proving that cultivation can sluice and keep water.5,On the cultivation of maize root subsoiling and subsoiling corn root research, suggests cultivating deep loosening after corn root length and root diameter increased, root and fibrous root length density increases, but the roots are also increased, and deep scarification promoted root growth and development. On the cultivation of subsoiling and no deep pine of maize, millet and peanut's growth index test and data analysis of variance, illustrate the cultivation of subsoiling on different crop growth degree of influence is different, the influence is most apparent corn and millet plant height, stem diameter of corn 's influence is obvious.6,On the type 1HS-1.2 cultivation tillage machine for analysis of social benefits and economic benefits of regression analysis, proved that the conservation tillage layer deep loose technology is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment, and can promote the increasing of crop yield (Taking Fuxin as an example, calculate the farmers to grow corn every hectare net income 3259.15 yuan), to achieve the sustainable development of the agriculture, at the same time will help improve China's agricultural products competitiveness. |
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