The Extreme Environment Of Man-made Asian Toad Animals Early Embryonic Development And Population Fate

The relationship between environment and life system is a fundamental problem. Originating from surroundings, life relies and reacts on it at the meantime. During its long process of evolution, changes of global biosphere bring about extreme and sub-extreme and fittest environment for specific species. Thus, the fate of organism population was always influenced by its exist conditions. Today, following the continuing development of man's economic action, the man-made global environmental system changed greatly. In the latest 30 years, all the great environmental problems such as that atmospheric temperature increasing and continuing drying graved day by day and that circulation of organism and energy and water worsened greatly were related with chemical pollutions. Life system has been threatened by chemical pollutions and more and more organism populations were living in sub-extreme environment.Being an important class during evolution of vertebrate, Bufo bufo is a kind of model animal to study some forward subjects such as developmental biology, evolutional biology, functional genomics and protemics. Because of breeding in water and being very sensitive to changes of water condition, existence of Bufo bufo would be threatened greatly without a favorable one. Thus . being a probe to examine the degree of water condition's depravation, the living quality of Bufo bufo provided a good experimental material to inquire into the influence of global changes on life system. It will contribute a lot to explain and forecast the relationship between global changes and species' existence, continuity and fate that to study the influence of man-made sub-extreme environment on early embryo's development of Bufo bufo.Water is an important condition for all of the organisms to live on. Especially to those organisms living in water, changes of water condition will affect their life, reproduction, heredity and continuity of species directly and greatly. Light plays a role that cannot be substituted during origin and evolution of life, variation of its structure and shape and evolution of its function. But ultraviolet within sunlight also injures organism sometimes. Recently as a result of ozonosphere's disruption, the increasing intensity of ultraviolet from sun radiation on the earth will do specified physical effect on life system. Laser is akind of light that is stimulated and amplified, and its energy can be controlled. So we can simulate a sub-extreme environment for life's activity and then proceed to explore the influence of unnatural factors on Bufo bufo.In this paper, Bufo bufo gargarizans acted as a model organism, and the variation of every stage of its early embryo's development was observed. Centering on the influence of sub-extreme environment such as water quality, ultraviolet and laser irradiation on Bufo bufo gargarizans' early embryo's development, we proceeded to study the causes of changes regarding to its chromosome, isoenzymes and production of gene expressing resulting from laser irradiation, and took further steps to get examinational basis of which sub-extreme environment caused life change, teratogeny and death. The results are bellows:Cultured in water coming from different regions, some fertilized eggs turned to deform during their development. , while water quality polluted gravely led to embryo' mortality increasing.Eggs that Bufo bufo living in different ecological environment bred were different in quality. This kind of difference might relate with degrees of chemical pollutions in surroundings.Ultraviolet irradiation influenced on embryo's development of Bufo bufo. At first ultraviolet irradiation could disrupt embryo' jelly membrane, and the more doses of irradiation, the more degrees of disruption. Second various deformed embryos emerged during early embryo's development after UV irradiation, and the longer time of embryo's development, the more mortality of embryos. ,Laser irradiation affected embryo's development of Bufo bufo. Firstly low-laser irradiation played a role to improve embryo's developm...