Identifying The Priority Level Of Ecological Construction Compensation Areas In Prairie Of Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Grassland ecosystem as one of the important terrestrial ecosystems, built a natural green ecological barrier for economic and social development of human, which is the other vegetation crops, trees, etc. hard to replace. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as one of the four functional areas of grassland ecosystem, which are different from those of other grassland ecological function areas in topography, hydrology, geology, land and natural resources, etc. The majority of grassland distributed in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the birthplace and runoff area of f the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Nujiang, Lancang River and other major river systems. The quality of the grassland ecological environment and the condition of natural resources of these areas is directly related to ecological safety of the downstream region. However, due to the impact of natural and human factors, these areas have been a serious ecological and environmental problems. Therefore, the state in these areas have implemented a series of grassland ecologicalconstruction projects of government-led, such as "grazing land to grassland" project, grassland ecological protection subsidy incentives policies. However, through the investigation we found that the current grassland ecological- construction projects of government-led has many problems in the process of formulation and implementation, resulting in greatly reduced the the effect of the implementation. Therefore, this study focused on efficiency targets, namely ecologicy-protection efficiency and the efficient use of compensation resources and compensation funds, give full consideration to the spatial difference of different microscopic compensation region in the geographical environment, economic and social development, cultural practices, etc. In this study, Maqu County、 Ruoer-gai County、 Hongyuan County、 Aba County as a case area in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This paper studies the problem of identifying the priority level of ecological construction compensation in prairie. In order to provide reference and guidance for other regions of the eastern Tibetan Plateau.The main contents and results are as follows:Firstly, this study system combing and analyzed theory and existing research. This study use the ecological and economic ideas defines the concept of grassland ecological construction compensation. On this basis, this study describes the importance and guidelines of identifying the priority level of ecological construction compensation in prairie, and given the connotation. And building the discriminant model and related parameters、in which stage to identifying the priority level of ecological construction compensation in prairie、work steps, in order to provide the theoretical basis and guidance for the case study.Secondly, based on the survey responses, from the angle of costs and benefits, use the game theory, separately analyzed the game relations between central government and local government、the government and herdsmen. From the theoretical, analysis and evaluation the grassland ecological- construction projects of government-led in the case area. The results showed that: ① the central government to compensate local governments, there are many unreasonable. Absolute risk aversion 、 observable variables variance、 Grassland Resource Endowment and marginal income expectation, etc., should be considered in the central government to compensate local governments, and make different incentive programs. ② there are also inadequate for government to compensate pastoralists. By introducing a credible commitment, full attention to the economic interests of pastoralists to strengthen incentives for herders, in order to increase the active participation of pastoralists.Thirdly, through the visits and questionnaires for the case area, and based on obtain basic data. This study relying on the existing prohibiting grazing compensation and livestock balance compensation. Using the minimum data method and MATLAB R2014 a, simulated the relationship between prohibiting grazing compensation and prohibiting grazing grassland ecosystem service goals. Using the livestock opportunity cost method, research the the livestock balance compensation and its repayment difference in different regions. The results showed that: ①The current Prohibiting Grazing compensation standard is low. If the optimum compensation standard(Maqu County 116.13 yuan / mu, Zoige County 160.01 yuan / mu, Hongyuan County 134.39 yuan / mu, Aba Prefecture 128.20 yuan / mu) to compensate herders. Almost all herdsman voluntarily to adoption prohibiting grazing land use patterns, and the prohibiting grazing grassland can achieve the theoretical target of the headwaters water conservation. ② The existing livestock balance compensation standard is low. According to the estimated compensation standards(Maqu County 28.76 yuan / mu, Ruoer-gai County 49.83 yuan / mu, Hongyuan county 5.21 yuan / mu, Aba county 8.65 yuan / mu) to compensate herders. Maqu County、 Ruo-er gai County、 Hongyuan County、 Aba county can reduce the number of livestock overload within a reasonable stocking rate range. in 4.36 years、 4.89 years、 4.62 years、 4.69 years. ③ There is spatial differences of prohibiting grazing compensation and livestock balance compensation between Maqu、Ruo-er gai、Hongyuan and Aba.Fourthly, for this case area, firstly, estimated the discriminant model parameters(grassland water conservation contribution、grassland degradation risk、participation costs), secondly, use of discriminant model separately estimated the determining factor of Maqu County、 Ruoer-gai County、 Hongyuan County、 Aba County, and analyzed the relevant conten(compensation region classification、characteristics、fficiency in the use of compensation funds、compensation validity). The results showed that: ① the limited funds should be to priority in the allocation to Maqu County(1.0886, a compensation region), followed by distribution in Aba County(0.9208, two compensation regions), edistribution in Hongyuan County(0.8665, three compensation region), and finally partitioned Ruoergai County(0.5656, four regional compensation). ② the compensation efficiency is efficient in Maqu County(per cubic meter of water conservation contribution required 0.9186 yuan), the compensation efficiency is second in Aba County(per cubic meter of water conservation contribution required 1.0860 yuan), the compensation efficiency is third in Hongyuan County(per cubic meters of water conservation contribution required 1.1541 yuan), the compensation efficiency is the least in Ruoer-gai County(per cubic meter of water conservation contribution required 1.7682 yuan).