The Study Of The Behavior Of Using Veterinary Drugs By Pig Farmers

The pig industry has dominated in the agricultural industrial economy. But the animal disease has always been a disastrous factor that influenced the development of China’s animal husbandry, and it happens every year. When the farmers treat and control the animal diseases, the behavior of negative use of the veterinary drug becomes the source of the quality safety. Hence, it appears extremely important to regulate the behavior of use of veterinary drug.The pre-existing researching achievements play a vital role in explaining the problem of the non-standard behaviors of farmers’use of veterinary drugs. It is clear to see from these academic achievements:Most of the studies concentrate on the study of willingness of using the safe veterinary drugs, they discuss the affecting factors on the farmers’behaviors of using veterinary drugs, from the views of individual characteristics, recognition characteristics, animals’epidemic risk and animals insurance. In order to study the behavior of using veterinary drugs more comprehensively and systemically, this paper applies the logical order of the behavior of using veterinary drugs and uses three levels to study step by step, which are the variety of veterinary drugs (whether using the forbidden veterinary drugs or not), the quantity of veterinary drugs (whether excessively use or not) and the standard of operating (safely use the veterinary drugs). Through the theoretical analysis, it proves internal logical relationship between the government regulation, marketing factors and behaviors of using veterinary drugs. It clearly refines the concept of government regulation into’supervision’ and’inspiration’, divides the market factors into’market earnings protection’and’market organization model’. The underlying reasons are different government regulation and market forms have different affecting mechanism on the behaviors of using veterinary drugs, so it is necessary to distinguish. Afterwards, based on the data through the field trip of Liaoning hog breeding investigation, this paper applies the statistical analysis and quantitative analysis methods on the study of farmers’behaviors, including using forbidden veterinary drugs, excessively and safely using the drugs. Eventually, it proposes series of political suggestions:1. The analysis of the internal relationships between government regulation, market factors and the behaviors of use the veterinary drug of farmersThrough the game theory and cost-revenue theory to expound the internal logical relationships between the government regulations, market factors and behaviors of use of veterinary drugs. Explore the reasons of the differences of behaviors of using veterinary drugs under different government regulations circumstances. Then further explore under the circumstances of asymmetry of market information and different organizations model, the mechanism of choosing of nonstandard use of veterinary drug. The study finds out that, firstly, government has accelerating functions on regulating the behavior of use of veterinary drug, in the process of government quarantining, inspecting and supervising the hog breeding. Secondly, when the asymmetry of market information happens, the farmers incline to lower the cost of production, and will positively join into the ranks of nonstandard use of the veterinary. Thirdly, the behaviors of use the veterinary drug will be constrained by the ’contract’, it has positive functions on the use of veterinary drug if farmers get services and help from the companies.2. The situations of government regulation, market factors and veterinary drugs on the hog breedingThrough the descriptions of the government regulation on hog breeding and market factors, further more explicit the government regulation and market factors environment situations. Except the providing the policies, public services and information support, government regulations also consist the quarantine and inspection on the mature hogs. The price of hog and behaviors of farmers have tight relationship, companies have played an important role in withstanding natural and market risks through the unified provision of production materials, such as veterinary drugs and feed production, and unified sales and market exploration. To meet the demand of accelerate the animals to grow, the farmers have the behaviors of using the forbidden veterinary drugs.31.47% of the farmers they had used drugs more than veterinary drugs overdose specification standards, and 11.2% of farmers use drugs at their will. The standards of using the veterinary will also affect the quality and safety of the mature hog. Through the logical order of using the veterinary drug, it ensures the study of the types, quantities and standards, in order to further and comprehensively know the behaviors of using veterinary.3. The research on the behavior of using the forbidden veterinary drug by hog farmersOn the basis of empirical study, apply Ols model and Logit model to process the empirical analysis of the behavior of veterinary drugs. The research finds out the types of farmers risk preferences and external information asymmetry have tremendous effects on the behaviors of using forbidden veterinary drugs by farmers. The risk preference farmers have the motivations to pursue higher market revenues, the main approaches of gaining the veterinary drugs are still the retailers, new media such as internet, which do not ultimately develop the information forecasting functions of agricultural technologies. Besides, the behaviors of government including the quarantine and inspections on the mature hog farmers, the corporation between farmers and companies and market price factors will have great effects on the occurrences of using the forbidden veterinary drugs.4. Research on the behavior of the hog breeding farmers excessively using the veterinary drugsOn the basis of empirical researches, separately apply the C-D productions function model and damage control model to measure and calculate the margin productivity systemically, and applies the Ols model and Probit model to analysis the influential factors of breeding farmers excessive use the veterinary behaviors. It is testified that excessive use of veterinary drugs cannot help farmers improve the veterinary drug marginal productivity but simply increase the cost of the farmers on the production materials, which is an "irrationally balanced" behavior. Government regulations of the compulsory immunization, subsidies and pre-sale inspection and quarantine have certain constraints on the use of veterinary drugs; and the fundamental reason for the excessive use of veterinary drugs is that farmers want to ensure pig slaughtering rate and a higher market sales price. At the present stage, the cooperation between farmers and enterprise is not close enough, which constrains farmers in taking advantage of the convenient conditions provided by companies. Therefore, the farmers tend to use veterinary drugs at their will.5. The research on the behavior of safely use the veterinary drug of hog breeding farmersBased on the empirical investigation, application on the structural equation model systemically analysis the mechanism of the safely use the veterinary drug. The results indicate:The drug use behavior is directly affected by the attitude and the subjective regulation of the farmer and indirectly affected by perceived behaviors. "Attitude decides actions" and the two factors are of highly conformity. In pig production, farmers tend to follow the patterns set by others they tend to be more sensitive to group actions from all walks of life, which is embodied in the conformity in the actions of other farmers. The indirect effect on safe use of veterinary drugs by affecting the subjective regulation of farmers by the government is 1.1692, which constitutes a new path for affecting farmers’behaviors by government regulations that has the most efficient indirect effects. The publicity and education of news media and other transmission paths on farmers have an incentive role in regulating the production of farmers. The market factors are mainly controlled by perceived actions and they can affect the farmer behaviors. It is of great importance for farmers to acquire veterinary drugs, feed through "company+farmer" mode in safe use of veterinary drugs. Therefore, it is critical for pig breeding to ensure that farmers acquire quality and safe production materials.In summary, on the basis of the above five contents, this paper uses the general economic theories of farmers production behaviors, the internal relationship between the government regulation, market factors and behavior of use veterinary drugs by farmers, and the logical research order of the behavior of using the veterinary drugs, then processes comprehensive, systemically and further study. Through the research and exploration, the author expect to do innovation on the theories and breakthrough on the choices of policies.