Human Relations Capital And Enterprise Growth

Since 1980s, social capital has always been one of the hot topics of management and it form new mode for firm behavior research. But there are still some deficiency in those related researched. Firstly, there are some paradoxes in social capital research. Secondly, cultural contingency is the most controversial issue. Most of such researches is carry out in the West,barely in other counties, especially in China. Thirdly, there are two trends in Chinese social capital researches. For one thing, most of those researches do not take cultural factors into count. For another, there some researches put Chinese cultural under consideration, and develop Chinese conception to explain special phenomena in Chinese social capital.But the limitation of this kind research is obvious. In fact, the most important problem of these researches is the difficulty to demonstration because of the fuzzy concept. The last, not the least, there are few researches on the relationship between the characters of enterprisers’social relation and enterprise growth, which is the most important drivers of the development of China SME network. In fact, this issue is untouched in Chinese social capital researches, which is the main object of this paper.Because of the insufficiency mentioned above, the main goal of this paper is the relationship between enterprisers’human relation capital and enterprise growth, based on the model of "human relations capital-resources acquiring-enterprises growth", which is integrated the level of networked as modulator. It is worth to mention that such relation is proper character of Chinses traditional social relation in Confucian culture. This paper make a review of the social exchange theory, the differential mode of association, social capital and the theory of enterprise growth.Based on those review,this paper argue the key concept, named human relation capital,include definition and connotation. In this paper, human relation is divided into three dimensionality, namely "family", "Guanxi", "ritual". Based on "human relations capital-resources acquiring-enterprises growth", and combining networked level as modulator, this paper come up with basic model. "human relations capital-resources acquiring-enterprises growth", and combining networked level as modulator, this paper come up with basic model. This paper’s research design mainly include four factors, which are questionnaire design, variable define, min samples and large sample date analysis. With spss 16.0, based on modulated mediator model, by the constrained nonlinear regression (CNLR) module, this paper estimate coefficients of function of enterprise growth, resources acquiring, human relation capital and the level of networked,at same time, which confirm the hypothesizes argued in the paper.Based on existing studies, this paper gets some innovative contributions as follows:(l)human relations capital is incremently brought by ethical relationship which can reduce transaction costs. In other words, human relations capital is originated from trust, commitment, acknowledge, normal, corporation and reciprocality that are based upon human relations. Human relations capital plays important rules in exchange between firms in Chinese network organization, because human relations effects the motivation of trade, increase the welfare of Chinese SEM network, influence the choice of partners and the whole process of single organization. Essentially, human relations capital is a kind of resource, which can affect the capabilities, opportunities, costs for firms to acquire other resources directly or indirectly. Different dimensionalities of ethical capital play different rules in acquiring resources. Family is the foundation of resources net to form and evolution. "Guanxi" determine goal resources can go. Ritual makes the relationship between firms harmoniousness when resources are assign. The effect between ethical capital and enterprises-acquiring-resources varies according to networked level of firms. Shortly, networked level modulates the effect between ethical capital and enterprises-acquiring-resources. In Chinese SEM network, generic assets, specialized assets, co-specialized assets make firms more depend each other than low networked level ones, therefore ethical capital play more significant rules in deconstructing and regroup resources between firms. In fact, the relationship between enterprises-growth and resources is almost accepted outcome in business researches.(2)Based on "human relations capital-resources acquiring-enterprises growth", and combining networked level as modulator, this paper come up with basic model. Human relations capital can be divided into three dimensionality, namely "family", "Guanxi", "ritual". Family mainly draw upon on structural factor, which is the foundation to bring ethical capital. "Guanxi" embodies the normative elements, which are special for special people.Those normal will become actual or potential, direct or indirect benefits. Ritual focuses on relation governance, which is special criterion of relationship between firms. Ritual means bounded rationality, comeuppance, casting couch, dependence, beneficial relationship.During the analysising, respectively this paper use different factors to measure the dimensionalities of ethical capital.To family, this paper consider that there three factors, namely strength of ties, network closure, centrality of network. This paper measure "Guanxi" by trust, reciprocity, behavior of gifts-exchange. About ritual, the factors are tradition, inaction, no suit. It is worth noting that no matter the choice of factor and design of the question of questionnaire are based on the pattern of difference sequence theory.After gathering data by questionnaires, the paper uses CNLR (constrained nonlinear regression) to analysis the data. The outcomes are that ethical capital has positive effect directly on enterprise growth and positive effect indirectly on enterprise growth through acquiring resources, and ethical capital has positive effect on acquiring resources. Networked level modulate the relationship between ethical capital and acquiring resources. In the same way, Networked level modulate the direct effect between ethical capital and enterprise growth.(3) This paper analysis the moderation of the level of network between human relation capital, resources acquiring and enterprises growth. (4)This paper design the questionnaire about measure of human relation capital, resources acquiring, enterprises growth and the level of enterprise networked.