The Research For Entrepreneurship Mechanism Based On Knowledge Acquired And Psychological Enhance

Entrepreneurship is a multi-faced phenomenon, this topic enjoy high level complexity which comes from the question what is the entrepreneurship. This confusion could be ascribed to the presence in the literature of definitions of entrepreneurship that focus on different aspects of the phenomenon and that come from different disciplines too. For example, Schumpeter’s contribution to entrepreneurship is the conception of innovation, Kirzner thinks the essence of entrepreneurship is "alertness", while Cassion puts the "estimative decision" to entrepreneurship essence. Thus there is some difference in management discipline which conceptualize entrepreneurship on firm’s operation, without marking it only entrepreneur individuals’ behavior way, the entrepreneurship theory in management discipline clarifys the entrepreneurship phenomenon over these big scale companies. Nevertheless,the sociology discipline focuses on the impacts of the social norms and social culture on entrepreneurship; etc.The reason why the auther choosed this issue as the dissertation’s topic is that himself have been involved in the circumstance of entrepreneurs of Shenzhen for a long time, entrepreneurial growth ways and entrepreneurial experiences are absorbed the author deeply, it is significant for the author to research the reason and the theory at the back of these entrepreneur’s growth.Entrepreneurs are the economic engine, they are responsible for social innovation, social fortune creation,social employment,GDP growth,and for chinese high speed economy growth of30years, as well as so do for increasing national competence in global competition. If understand the mechanism of enrepreneurial growth, understand the "why" of the entepreneurial thinking,we can influence the "how", that means we can use the research fruits fairly directly in entrepreneur trainning and teaching.Recently the development of knowledge economics and recognition of knowledge as one kind most advantageous resource were drawn more and more attention, otherwise some disciplines developed, specially like cognitive psychology which expanded some researches on entrepreneurial congnition and on the difference between entrepreneur’s congnition of opportunities and normal people’s, all the developments make scholars increasingly care about the impact of knowledge acquirement on entrepreneurial growth, this article just follows this direction to do research on entrepreneurship, and puts forward the entrepreneurial growth mechanism is based on knowledge acquired.There are two perspectives in this article to get the conclusion that the entrepreneurial growth mechanism is based on knowledge acquired. From the economics perspective, the conception of entrepreneurship from Shane and Venkataraman that focus on entrepreneur individuals’opportunities discovering and commercializing the opportunities after is accepted broadly, so it is important to explain where do the opportunities come from and how entrepreneur links with opportunities. the development of knowledge recognition in economics provides an explanation that knowledge as one kind of endogenous resource enlarges opportunities set, also strenghtens the ability to estimate future, otherwise the effect of spillover from knowledge would make opportunties more. Thus some new institution economics theories explain why those who mastered interrelated knowledge become entrepreneurs effectively, it supports that entrepreneurial growth mechanism is based on knowledge acquired.The other perspective is cognitive psychology of entrepreneur which is one hot theorical section, and some famous scholars had advanced a couple of popular models of entrepreneurial intention. This artcile first analysed entrepreneurial perception because entrepreneur got to perceive opportunity first. Kirzner thought entrepreneur is alert to potential opportunities,thus there are some differences between normal people and entrepreneurs to perceive quantities and special style of opportunities, Shapero thought it just like "antenna" adjusting. After the opportunity perception, it is time to analyse intention, without intention to execute the opportunity perceived, the opportunity would be not an opportunity.Thanks to former scholars’ execellant work there are some theoretically-sound, empirical-robust entrepreneurial intention models, for example, SEE\TPB\TRA are all classic models. As for to implement the intention,it need to understand the critical antecedents of intention firstly,so three critical antecedents of intention are discussed,including personal desirability,social norm,specially feasibility of venturing,i.e. self-efficacy. Something linking to the antecedents of intention are entrepreneurial cognitive deeper structure,its’ improvement would influence entrepreneurial learing deeply,from this sense, entrepreneurial cognitive psychology provides support in practice by our entrepreneurial trainning and teaching.This article just carried out empirical tests from above two perspectives. From the economics perspective a model which expressed that entrepreneurship is on knowledge endowment was presented, in which entrepreneurial behavior is the function of knowledge acquired, and in which the institutional obstacle and the opportunity cost of entrepreneurial behavior were took account of too, the opportunity cost just is represented by the social salary level.This article uses the panel data of21cities in Guangdong province to test by multiple-liear regression analysis, and gets very good result, it testifies that entrepreneurship is positively correlative to knowledge acquired, negatively correlative to institutional obstacle and the opportunity cost,i.e. salary level. From the cognitive psychological perspective, the entrepreneurial intention model TPB is choosen to be the baisc analysis framework,and some entrepreneurs from Shenzhen city are picked up as samples,who feedback the questionaires in which how various learning ways impact the entrepreneurial intention are measured. The empirical test analysis gets conclusion in this article that entrepreneurial learning account for10.82%of variance in endogenous desirability,14.8%of variance in exogenous desirability,24%of variance in perceived social norms and27.67%variance in perceived feasibility of venturing.If we understand the "why" of the entepreneurial thinking,we can influence the "how", that means we can use the research fruits directly in entrepreneur trainning and teaching. Refering to the experience of Europe and America and on the basis of the theory in this article, some tactics and policies about training entrepreneurs are put forward at the article end.