Research On Key Technologies Of Satellite Navigation Spoofing Signal Simulation And Spoofing Detection

With the wide application of satellite navigation system in the national economy and the military field, and the rapid development of electronic technology, spoofing not only has gradually become an important threat to satellite navigation system, even have the ability to produce disastrous consequences. Therefore, researching on related technologies of satellite navigation spoofing has becoming necessary and urgent. Especially in the military field, all single antenna or antenna array receiving terminals, which installed on all kinds of vehicles including shells, need to use the anti-spoofing technology, in order to ensure the correctness of navigation and guidance system output when the carrier moving. However, it is because of the mentioned harmfulness of spoofing and the complexity of satellite navigation terminal platform, spoofing technology for using in military or civilian is hard to research and test in the actual environment. Therefore, spoofing scene simulation technology which can provide low cost, high precision, configurable, reusable platform for spoofing research and testing, has important significance in theory and engineering.In this context, the thesis aims at the current spoofing scene simulation and spoofing detection technology in question, and four aspects are studied in this thesis.(1) When the traditional wideband signal high accuracy delay control method was used in satellite navigation spoofing signal simulation, it is difficult to balance time domain and correlation domain delay measurement consistency, delay control complexity and resource consumption. Aiming at the problem, the wideband signal high accuracy time delay control theory based on NCO phase, and high sampling rate baseband signal waveform generation method based on Hermite interpolation are proposed, and a new wideband signal delay control method is obtained by combining them. At the 0.1ns time delay control accuracy requirement, the designed wideband signal high accuracy delay control method has the same time and correlation domain delay measurement consistency with variable fractional delay(VFD) filter methods, and the same low delay control complexity with traditional NCO method, while the hardware multiplier resource consumption compared to the VFD filter method decreases about 91.4%.(2) When the projectile spin Doppler of received signal is simulated using classical piecewise polynomial method in satellite navigation spoofing signal simulation, the simulation parameters update period will be dramatically reduced, and the computation load also significantly increased. To solve this problem, the simulation technique of projectile spin Doppler based on the micro-motion of a rigid body is proposed. By taking the micro-Doppler characteristics parameters, which is produced in the process of high-speed spin projectile flight, as simulation parameters, the problem of Doppler simulation parameter update period reducing can be solved effectively. The simulation results show that, while simulating the projectile spin Doppler generated by spin frequency of 100 Hz, the proposed method can satisfied the requirements of spin Doppler simulation error at the simulation parameters update period of 100 ms, far superior to the classical piecewise polynomial method which needs the requirement of less than 1ms.(3) For the current spoofing detection technology based on antenna array, it is lacking of detailed analysis of antenna array element and formation requirements, detection algorithm and detection performance. Aiming at the problem, the algebraic method is used to find the antenna array element and formation requirements which can solve the navigation signal arrival angle by array carrier phase without ambiguity. Meanwhile, a method based on multi-antenna carrier phase double difference Gauss quadratic, and the detection performance analyzing method limited by minimum detection threshold and non-detection zone are proposed. The analyze result of triangle three element array detection performance shows that, in carrier phase measurement accuracy for 0.01 cycle, the baseline length of antenna array is the same as wavelength, the false alarm rate is 0.01, for any signal arrival angle of incidence, the total area of the region which the spoofing detection probability is less than 0.99 accounted for not more than 6.7%, it can obtain the good detection performance in most cases.(4) For the current spoofing detection technology based on movement antenna or antenna array, its hardware and algorithm are alway complex. To solve this problem, a spoofing detection technology based on generalized likelihood of rotation antenna carrier phase double difference is proposed, which can directly use carrier phase measurement of rotating single/double antenna terminal for spoofing detection. At the same signal incident, the detection performance comparison of antenna arrays and the proposed rotating antenna method which measured by non-detection zone size, is carried out. Analying results show that, in the rotation frequency 0.25 Hz, 0.5 times the wavelength of the rotation radius, 20 seconds single detection time, spoofing detection performance of rotating single antenna method has better than a wavelength baseline length of triangle three element array, while spoofing detection performance of rotating double antenna method in one second single detection time can at most decrease 74.6% non-detection zone compared to the mentioned triangle three element array.Finally, the research work of this thesis and its engineering application are summarized and reviewed, the future work is also presented. The research results have been used in many projects of Chinese satellite navigation system.