| Research BackgroundWound healing impairment in diabetic patients represents a particularly challenging clinical problem in which there is currently no efficacious treatment regimens. Wound repair is a well-ordered and highly coordinated process that includes a series of overlapping phase: inflammation, cell proliferation, matrix deposition, and tissue remodeling. Loss of a functional healing process might lead to severe disabilities. The etiology of delayed diabetic wound healing is multifactorial in which vasculopathy and neuropathy are major contributors.Sonic hedgehog is a member of a family of closely related proteins consisting of sonic hedgehog, indian hedgehog, and desert hedgehog. Hedgehog proteins act as morphogens in many tissues during embryonic development. Sonic hedgehog was also reported recently to induce postnatal angiogenesis.It is still to be clarified whether or not sonic hedgehog participates in wound healing , and is able to improve the delayed wound healing in type 1 diabetes. Recent study indicated that sonic hedgehog induced capillary morphogenesis of endothelial cells through both rapid activation of c-Fes/PI3-kinase pathways and transcriptionally regulated pathways. Sonic hedgehog also induced the expression of endothelial growth factor-1 and -2 in vitro.There is increasing evidence for a functional role of NO in wound healing. When humans and animals are fed an arginine-enriched diet, there is improved healing in normal individuals and in aged individuals with impaired wound healing. Conversely, a NO deficiency directly contributes to wound healing impairment. Inhibition of NOS by competitive inhibitors decreases collagen deposition and braking strength of incisional wounds and impairs the healing of other wound models. When rats are fed an arginine-free diet, wound healing is impaired. Therefore, it is necessary for us to explore the mechanisms responsible for regulatory effect of sonic hedgehog and NO on wound healing,...
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