| BACKGROUND: 1.Pancreatic carcinoma is considered as one of the most malignant tumor in human, with the 5-year-survival rate less than 5%. In recent years, its incidence was increasing steadily. Early diagnosis can make more tumor resectable and improve the outcome of this disease. K-ras is thought specifically related to the tumorigenesis of pancreatic carcinoma The point mutation of codon 12 in exon 1 of K-ras gene have been identified in 90% of pancreatic carcinoma, but much less in benign pancreatic disease. So detection of K-ras mutation may assist the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. One of our objects is to detect K-ras mutations in stools and disccuss its application in screening for pancreatic cancers. 2.The abnormalities of gene and expression of CDK-inhibitors such as p53 , p16Ink4 , p21Wafl have recently been implicated in pancreatic carcinogenesis .The rate of over-expression or loss of expression of these anti-oncogene products in pancreatic carcinoma was 37~79% . But the expression of p27 and the inter-relationship of these proteins are still unknown. Cytologic examination of pure pancreatic juice can find tumor cells and help to distinguish benign from malignant pancreatic disease. But the sensitivity of the conventional cytologic examination was unsatisfactory. The second aim of this study is to investigate the expression of anti-oncogene products in pancreatic carcinoma, and based on these results, to develop a new method of immunocytochemistry in conjunction with conventional cytologic examination of pure... |
