Research On Tea Science And Technology, Trade And Culture In Ming Dynasty

The ancient tea book was the representation of ancient tea science. Tea science of China and the world was founded in Tang dynasty since the famous tea book Cha Jing written by LU Yu was published. One thousand years later, Modern tea science in China has been developed to be a cross subject which including agriculture, technology, comercial science, iatrology and letter. Tea cultivation, tea making, tea trade, tea culture and many other aspects are studied in modern tea science. But ancient tea science especially Ming dynastic tea science provided a lot of nourishment for the development of modern tea science. In order to accelerate the development of modern tea science, propagandize excellent traditional culture for building harmonius society, the development of tea science in Ming dynasty is studied in this paper.In chapter one, the history of tea science in China was summed up. Since Cha Jing written by LU Yu in Tang dynasty was published, ancient tea science in China was founded. The planting, making, trade and drinking of impacted tea was the main content of tea science in Tang and Song dynasty. But incompact tea became popular in Ming dynasty, which spread through the country and even all over the world, so affected the developing trend of tea science all over the world deeply. Then the social and historical background of the development of tea science in Ming Dynasty was discussed. The economical, scientific and technological, cultural factors were very important factors which influenced the development of tea science in Ming dynasty.Tea book was a carrier of tea science and technology, economy and culture, also basic data for tea science study. So in the second part, tea books written in Ming dynasty were sorted out systemically. Some tea books like Tea Book by ZUI Cha xiao ke was discussed. Zhen Shan Lou Cha Lue by CHEN Yuan fu was discovered and studied. Some mistakes which we made today when we took use of tea books written in Ming dynasty were pointed out and discussed. It is necessary to study scientific content and cultural value of tea books written in Ming dynasty.In part three, it revealed the development of tea cultivation science in Ming Dynasty. Tea cultivation circumscription expanded a lot on the base of the history. Tea trees were planted more in the traditional tea area and some tea regions like Tai Wan were formed for the first time. The cognition of tea biology got advanced. The technique of tea seed selecting and breeding was improved. The management level of tea garden, such as fertilization, irrigation, shading and pruning was inhanced. Tea plucking technic became more scientific. Tea cultivation science in Ming dynasty provided a good foundation of tea cultivation theory for modem tea science.The chapter four discussed the development of tea making science in Ming Dynasty. Green tea got fast progress. Leaf tea especially pan-fired green tea became the main kind of tea. The theory of tea making method was formed. Many famous imcompact tea appeared one after another. Yellow tea, dark green tea, black tea, white tea, oolong tea, scented tea, impacted tea were created and developed. Tea packing and store method got improved. Almost all sorts of tea which flourished in Qing dynasty originated from Ming dynasty. The tea making theory and the sorts of tea foemed in Ming dynasty influenced the development of tea in China and the world most deeply.The fifth chapter discussed tea culture science in Ming Dynasty. In the history there were three developing peaks of tea culture. Tea was drunk by the method Jian Cha in Tang dynasty, Dian Cha in Song dynasty and Pao Cha in Ming dynasty. Pao Cha method was easy to operate so as to spread over the country in Ming dynasty. At the same time, Pao Cha method came down to nowadays because of the carrier including tea made by the same method and tea set. Tea set was reformed in Ming dynasty, especially Zi Sha tea pot became the most famous tea pot.In the sixth chapter, the development of tea trade science in Ming Dynasty and the external transmission of tea culture was discussed. Tea trade in the backland developed, so drinking tea habitude spread more widely. Tea-horse trade not only provided tea product as the necessary goods for minorities, but also promoted the development of tea industry in Ming dynasty. The most important achievement in tea trade in Ming dynasty was that tea product, tea set and drinking tea knowledge was transported to European countries, so Chinese tea maritime trade began. Then the pronunciation and letter of tea in many countries of the world was formed at the end of the Ming dynasty.In the end, it pointed out that tea science in Ming dynasty ran to the peak of the ancient tea science. Tea science in Tang dynasty and Song dynasty was summarized systemically in Ming dynasty. Traditional tea making theory was formed. Tea science in Ming dynasty laid a good foundation for developing modern tea science. Tea culture in Ming dynasty was positive culture because it was seeking true, virtuous and esthetical essence of tea culture.