Study On The Diversities And Phylogenetics Of Main Indigenous Goat Species Raised In Southen China

In the study, complete sequence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region(CR,D-loop) was sequenced in 73 individuals from 11 domestic goat breeds (strains) raised in China (include 4 foreign breeds). The complete sequence of mtDNA CR is 1,212 or 1,213bp (base pair).Polymorphic sites were 276 (22.77% in 1,212) with 175 parsimony informative polymorphic sites, 81 singleton polymorphic sites. All polymorphic sites were two nucleotide variants. Transversions among nucleotide pairs were identified within the Chinese indigenous species (strains).The frequencies of transversion were from 0.0825%(JYL)~0.66%(ZT).The frequencies of transvertion in Matou goat (MT) and Rongjiang goat (RJ) were 0.413%,it is alike with the frequencies of the wild goat (Capra aegagrus and Capra falconeri) (0.436%) which were used as out-group. Only one insertion/deletion site were identified in 1075 sites among all species (strains).Tajima's test of selective neutrality was not significant (P > 0.10 or 0.05 < P < 0.10).It revealed that all sequences of domestic goats were selective neutrality and that goat population did not undergo expansions. High nucleotide diversity(Pi=0.987)and haplotype diversity(H=1.768%)were manifested either in Chinese goat or in foreign goat populations. All sequence polymorphic sites defined 60 haplotypes with 20 haplotypes within 4 foreign breeds, 40 within 7 Chinese breeds. Chinese local-raised goats showed higher haplotype diversity (0.973) than foreign breeds (0.913), while nucleotide diversity pairwise distance and average number of nucleotide differences among haplotypes were higher than foreign breeds.These results suggested richer genetic diversity within Chinese goat populations. The hierarchical components of mtDNA variation computed under the analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) framework showed that smaller but not significant percentage existed among breeds(24.22%;P>0.05) .The AMOVA results revealed that there were no significant divergence and far weaker genetic structure among breeds.Only 3 haplotypes existed in common with Chinese goat populations by analyzing 152 sequences in the study, combined with 18 introduced domestic goat species and 2 wild goats(Capra aegagrus and Capra falconeri) reported in documents. The average number of nucleotide differences, average number of nucleotide subs. Per-site be tween breeds were 19.475(7.50~30.42) and 1.607% (0.619%~2.512%), respectively. The Kimura 2-parameter distance between breeds varied from 0.0008 to 0.0315. Many breeds had its unique...