| The White Nose Disease (WND) is an emerging disease of the Raccoon dog and it had the symptoms including retarding, low fertilization, and poor quality fur when they infected the disease. And the White Nose Disease had impaired the development of the Fur Feeding. The real pathogenesis of it still has not been found, although the White Nose disease was thought been a metabolic disease by many researchers. In order to found the method to cure and prevention the White Nose disease, we need to understand the pathogenesis of it. We thought the White Nose Disease may relate to deficiency of one or more than one trace elements, similar with the Cotton fur and Turkey Waste Syndrome, according to the results we had found by investigation in the fur feeding factory, analysis and summary of the references.We had texted the parameters of hematology by the Automatic blood cell analyzer (dog model), texted the parameters of blood biochemical by the Automatic biochemical analyzer, and texted the concentration of the iron, copper, zinc, and selenium in the hair, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and muscle of the raccoon dog which infected the White Nose Disease by Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer and Fluorescence spectrophotometer. We used the software SPSS 15.0 to analyze the data.Contrast to healthy raccoon dog, the Lymph %(p=0.048) and Gran %(p=0.031) of WND raccoon dog decline and there were significant differences in those indexes between WND and healthy raccoon dog (p<0.05). The Lymph# (p=0.004), Min#(p=0.004), Min%(p=0.004), RBC(p=0.000), HCT(p=0.000), MCV(p=0.001), HGB(p=0.000), MCH(p=0.001), RBC (p=0.000) HCT(p=0.000), MCV(p=0.001), HGB(p=0.000) and MCH(p=0.001) of WND raccoon dog had declined and had extreme significant in those indexes between WND and healthy raccoon dog (P<0.01). WBC (p=0.130), Gran# (p=0.473), MCHC (p=0.915), RDW(p=0.831), RLT(p=0.915), PCT(p=0.852), MPV(p=0.202), PDW(p=0.749) of WND raccoon dog had no difference (P>0.05) in those indexes between WND and healthy raccoon dog. Based on the parameters of Red Cell Index, RBC, MCH, MCV and MCHV of WND raccoon dog, that the WND raccoon dog was in the Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia was concluded.Contrast to the healthy raccoon dog, the indexes related to the function of the liver, including the Aspartate aminotransferase (p=0.024), Glutamyl transferase (p=0.036),Total bilirubin (p=0.019),Albumin (p=0.040), and Albumin/Globulin (p=0.031) were lower and have significant difference ((p<0.05); The levels of the cholesterol and triglyceride were higher, and blood glucose was lower, but there was no significant difference between them. The abnormality of those parameters show that the liver and muscle of the raccoon dog were impaired.Compared with the controls, the serum (p=0.0495), liver (p=0.042), lung(p<0.001), and muscle(p<0.001) Fe concentrations were significantly lower in the WND group. The serum(p=0.002) and lung(p<0.03) Cu concentration were also significantly lower in the WND group, but the spleen(p<0.001) and muscle(p=0.002) Cu levels were apparently higher. While the serum(p<0.001), spleen(p<0.001), lung Zn (p<0.001) and muscle (p<0.00) levels were significantly lower in the WND group, the fur (p<0.001) and heart (p=0.002) Zn level was significantly higher. In comparison with controls, the serum, lung, kidney, and muscle Se levels in the WND group were significantly lower. According to the analysis above, we thought that the WND raccoon dog was in iron deficiency and its hypochromic microcytic anemia was iron deficiency anemia. At the same time, the results suggest that there is a disturbance in trace element contents and their homeostasis in WND raccoon dogs.We texted the variances of the iron level in the serum, liver, and duodenum and the mRNA levels of Ferroprotin 1 (Fp1) and Ceruloplasimin (Cp), proteins related to the absorption of the iron, in the WND and healthy raccoon dog after feeding them on dextriferron by muscle injection or oral.There was no variance found in the iron levels of serum, duodenum, and liver in the WND raccoon dog, but the iron levels of serum, duodenum, and liver in healthy raccoon dog were increasing when feeding them on dextriferron by oral. While the iron levels of the serum, duodenum, and liver were all increasing not only in the healthy raccoon dog but also in the WND raccoon dog. This result showed that the iron deficiency of the WND results from its duodenum iron absorption function impaired.There was no significance variances of RBC, HGB, and MCH in the WND raccoon dog when feed on then dextriferron by oral, while the RBC, HGB, and MCH in the WND raccoon dog all increased and had significant difference(p<0.05) after feed on the dextriferron by muscle injection. This result showed that the hypochromic microcytic anemia of raccoon dog was iron deficiency anemia, and gave one more proof that the iron deficiency of the WND result from it duodenum iron absorption function impaired.The Cp mRNA level in liver of the WND raccoon dogs decreased as it increased in the liver of the healthy raccoon dog after feed on then the dextriferrron by muscle injection. While there was no significance on the Cp mRNA level in the liver of WND raccoon dog as it increased in the liver of healthy raccoon dog after feed on then the dextriferrron by oral.The Cp mRNA level in duodenum of the WND raccoon dogs increased as it decreased in the duodenum of the healthy raccoon dog after feed on then the dextriferrron by muscle injection. While there was no significance on the Cp mRNA level in the duodenum of WND raccoon dog as it was decreased in the liver of healthy raccoon dog after feed on then the dextriferrron by oral. These results showed that the WND Raccoon dog duodenum iron absorption was related to the disfunction of Cp gene. Conclusion:1. The WND raccoon dog suffered from hypochromic microcytic anemia;2. The WND raccoon dog was in iron deficiency;3. The hypochromic microcytic anemia in the WND raccoon dog was iron deficiency amema;4. The iron deficiency of the WND resulted from it duodenum iron absorption function impaired;5. The WND Raccoon dog duodenum iron absorption was related to the disfunction of Cp gene;6. The liver and muscle of the WND raccoon dog was impaired. |
